<?xml version="1.0"?>
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xml:lang="en">
	<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/api.php?action=feedcontributions&amp;feedformat=atom&amp;user=Ingmardb</id>
	<title>Ingmar de Boer - User contributions [en]</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/api.php?action=feedcontributions&amp;feedformat=atom&amp;user=Ingmardb"/>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Special:Contributions/Ingmardb"/>
	<updated>2026-06-26T21:33:39Z</updated>
	<subtitle>User contributions</subtitle>
	<generator>MediaWiki 1.45.3</generator>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Wiskunde&amp;diff=1416</id>
		<title>Wiskunde</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Wiskunde&amp;diff=1416"/>
		<updated>2026-06-25T15:49:06Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;width: 70%; padding: 20px; background-color: #f0f0f0; border: 1px solid #b0b0b0;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;H1 style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Waarom is wiskunde zo&#039;n effectief middel in het beschrijven van natuurkundige verschijnselen?&amp;lt;/H1&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Ingmar de Boer, versie 2, 9-2-2019&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #ffffff; width: 100%;&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;padding: 20px;&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
* Download: [[Media:Waarom.pdf | Waarom is wiskunde zo&#039;n effectief middel in het beschrijven van natuurkundige verschijnselen?]]  [[File:Pdf3.gif]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Download: [[Media:Wigner_-_The_Unreasonable_Effectiveness_of_Mathematics.pdf ‎| Eugene Wigner: The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics]]  [[File:Pdf3.gif]] &lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 20px; margin-left: 12px; margin-right: 40px; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Die Wissenschaft, das System begrifflicher Erkenntnis, hat keine Grenzen. Das soll nicht heißen: es gibt nichts außerhalb der Wissenschaft, sie ist allumfassend. [...] Mit der Unbegrenztheit der wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnis ist gemeint: es gibt keine Frage, deren Beantwortung für die Wissenschaft grundsätzlich unmöglich wäre.&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Rudolph Carnap in &amp;quot;Der logische Aufbau der Welt&amp;quot;, §180&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Het antwoord op de vraag waarom wiskunde zo&#039;n effectief middel is in het beschrijven van natuurkundige verschijnselen is in ieder geval in eerste aanleg eenvoudig als we deze benaderen vanuit het perspectief van de afbeeldingstheorie die de filosoof Ludwig Wittgenstein presenteerde in zijn bekende werk &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;. Hieronder volgt een uiteenzetting, niet in filosofische of wiskundige vaktaal, maar in alledaagse bewoordingen.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
De effectiviteit van de wiskunde houdt in de eerste plaats in dat er geen verschijnselen worden ontdekt die niet met behulp van wiskundige formalismen kunnen worden beschreven. In de tweede plaats betekent het wellicht, dat de enerzijds wiskundige beschrijving toereikend is en anderzijds niet vanwege zijn eigen aard iets toevoegt wat voor de beschrijving niet noodzakelijk is.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;1. Wiskunde&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Wiskunde is, net als natuurkunde, een tak van wetenschap die is ontstaan doordat de mens in het dagelijks leven soms een abstract model kon gebruiken dat kon worden toegepast op situaties die hij tegenkwam. Deze beide takken van wetenschap hebben als bijzondere kwaliteit dat ze zulke geabstraheerde modellen van de werkelijkheid kunnen leveren. De verschillende vormen van wiskundige notatie die de taal van de wiskunde vormen, zijn aanvankelijk ontwikkeld op basis van specifieke praktische toepassingen. Deze vormen een middel om modellen vast te leggen en aan anderen over te brengen. Een model is een afbeelding van de werkelijkheid. Hier kunnen we in het midden laten hoe een afbeelding van de werkelijkheid er in detail uitziet, maar we kunnen wel zeggen dat er een afbeeldingsrelatie moet zijn tussen werkelijkheid en model, hetgeen betekent dat beeld en origineel onderling analoge (isomorfe) structuren moeten hebben. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;2. Onze hersenen&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Niet alleen in wiskunde of natuurkunde worden modellen gemaakt van de werkelijkheid. Tijdens het waarnemen van onze omgeving vormen we ons als mens bijna voortdurend modellen van de werkelijkheid. Omdat in onze hersenen afbeeldingen van onze omgeving worden gevormd en opgeslagen, moeten in de hersenen ook de voorwaarden aanwezig zijn om een model te kunnen vormen en op te slaan. De modellen zijn, ook in de hersenen, structuren die overeenkomen met de structuur van de waargenomen werkelijkheid doordat er een afbeeldingsrelatie is tussen deze twee structuren. Hoe complex deze structuren in het dagelijks leven ook mogen zijn, ook deze zullen onderling analoog (isomorf) zijn.  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;3. De werkelijkheid&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Niet alleen aan de kant van de hersenen zijn er voorwaarden die dit mogelijk maken, maar ook aan de kant van de werkelijkheid zijn er zulke voorwaarden. De werkelijkheid stelt ons in staat er een model van te vormen. Stel dat er een verschijnsel zou bestaan in de werkelijkheid, dat op de een of andere manier inherent niet door ons is af te beelden. In dat geval kunnen we het niet waarnemen, want voor waarnemen is nodig dat we hoe dan ook een model van het verschijnsel maken in onze hersenen. Het is dan in die zin geen deel van onze werkelijkheid. Dit is waarom we nooit iets zullen ontdekken waar we ons geen model van kunnen vormen. Als we in een natuurkundig experiment een verband tussen verschillende gemeten grootheden menen te ontdekken, betekent dat al dat de werkelijkheid zich op dit punt een model van zich laat maken. Dit is ongeacht of het model in overeenstemming is met de werkelijkheid, en of het verband inderdaad in de werkelijkheid wordt gevonden. Dit betekent dat de werkelijkheid in al zijn aspecten af te beelden is. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nota bene: afbeelden is niet hetzelfde als verklaren. Verklaren zou betekenen dat we in staat zijn een, al dan niet adequaat, model van de werkelijkheid te maken en dit vervolgens uit te leggen in termen van andere modellen die uiteindelijk gebaseerd zijn op grondstellingen, of andere modellen en stellingen die we niet betwijfelen of besluiten niet te betwijfelen. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;4. Analogie (isomorfie)&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
Als we een beeld van de werkelijkheid in onze hersenen kunnen opslaan, is het ook van belang dat we de werkelijkheid weer kunnen reconstrueren naar het beeld, bijvoorbeeld als we het herinneren, of in wiskundige termen willen formuleren. Dit is alleen beide mogelijk als de relatie tussen beeld in de hersenen en het origineel in de werkelijkheid een 1-1 relatie is. (bijectie) Dit staat weer los van of de hersenen altijd goed functioneren. Als bijvoorbeeld het beeld niet goed is opgeslagen is het in die zin geen beeld meer van de werkelijkheid en kan daarom wellicht de werkelijkheid niet worden gereconstrueerd aan de hand van dit beeld. Voor de wiskundige beschrijving van de werkelijkheid geldt iets dergelijks: deze beschrijving moet eenduidig zijn zodat wijzelf, of iemand anders, de werkelijkheid opnieuw kan construeren aan de hand van de wiskundige formulering, bijvoorbeeld om aan de hand van het model de werkelijkheid te voorspellen. Zo moet ook de wiskundige beschrijving van iets wat we in ons hoofd hebben een analoge (isomorfe) betrekking hebben met onze werkelijkheid. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;5. Logica&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Bij het beoefenen van natuurkunde moeten daarom zowel in de wiskunde als in de hersenen van de onderzoeker als in de werkelijkheid steeds overeenkomstige structuren te vinden zijn, die onderling (bijectieve) afbeeldingsrelaties hebben. Deze drie overeenkomstige structuren moeten aan dezelfde wiskundige of logische regels voldoen. Nu kunnen we dit, ook zonder dit systeem van regels in detail te kennen, definiëren als &amp;quot;de logica&amp;quot;. Wittgenstein gebruikte in zijn Tractatus het woord logica inderdaad in deze betekenis. De logica bepaalt dan de buitengrens van elk van deze drie strukturen.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;6. Beperkingen van de relatie hersenen ↔ werkelijkheid&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
a. Omdat we niet anders kunnen waarnemen en denken dan door ons ergens een model van te vormen volgens de regels van de logica, zullen we nooit iets in de werkelijkheid ontdekken wat door onze hersenen niet in een model kan worden gevat.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
b. Omdat onze hersenen uitsluitend werken volgens de regels van de logica kunnen we geen model in onze hersenen maken van iets dat niet in de werkelijkheid mogelijk zou kunnen zijn. Dit staat los van of het ook in de werkelijkheid wordt aangetroffen.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;7. Beperkingen van de relatie hersenen ↔ wiskunde&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
a. Omdat de wiskunde een taalgebouw is waarin uitsluitend modellen kunnen worden gemaakt volgens de regels van de logica, kunnen we in de wiskunde nooit iets beschrijven wat door onze hersenen niet in een model kan worden gevat. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
b. Omdat onze hersenen uitsluitend werken volgens de regels van de logica kunnen we geen model in onze hersenen maken dat niet in &amp;quot;wiskundige termen&amp;quot; kan worden beschreven. Hierbij moeten we wiskunde zeker zo ruim nemen dat allerlei mogelijke vormen van symbolische logica binnen onze definitie van wiskunde vallen.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;8. Beperkingen van de relatie wiskunde ↔ werkelijkheid&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
a. Omdat we niet anders kunnen dan ons ergens een beeld van vormen volgens de regels van de logica, zullen we nooit iets in de werkelijkheid ontdekken wat niet met behulp van wiskundige termen in een model kan worden gevat. Hierbij moeten we wederom wiskunde zo ruim nemen dat in elk geval allerlei mogelijke vormen van symbolische logica binnen onze definitie van wiskunde vallen.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
b. Omdat de wiskunde een taalgebouw is waarin uitsluitend modellen kunnen worden gemaakt volgens de regels van de logica, kunnen we nooit iets in de wiskunde formuleren wat onmogelijk in de werkelijkheid zou kunnen worden gevonden. Dit staat los van of het ook in de werkelijkheid wordt aangetroffen.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:Wiskunde.png | 500px]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;9. Conclusie&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Wiskunde is inderdaad een effectief middel in het beschrijven van natuurkundige verschijnselen: er kunnen geen verschijnselen worden ontdekt die niet wiskundig kunnen worden beschreven, omdat aan de basis van de wiskunde de logica staat, die ook aan de basis staat van ons vermogen ons een beeld te vormen van de werkelijkheid. Omdat we ons geen beeld kunnen vormen van datgene waarvan we ons geen beeld kunnen vormen valt niets buiten ons blikveld. Ons gebied van onderzoek beperkt zich tot datgene waarvan we ons een model kunnen vormen. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Overigens zouden we kunnen denken dat dit een kwestie is van dat er zaken bestaan die door de beperkingen van de logica aan ons zicht zijn onttrokken. Er is echter niet &amp;quot;ergens anders&amp;quot; nog een wereld waar alles &amp;quot;onlogisch&amp;quot; is, of waar een &amp;quot;ander soort&amp;quot; logica heerst, en het is ook op een fundamentele manier onmogelijk om aan te tonen dat die er zou zijn.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
De wiskundige beschrijving van de werkelijkheid is toereikend omdat de wiskunde zeer dicht bij de logica staat en, in het bijzonder, deze in zekere zin op het gebied van symbolische logica insluit. In de wiskunde worden steeds nieuwe formalismen ontwikkeld, maar die gehoorzamen alle weer aan de regels van de logica, zonder welke we geen enkel formalisme kunnen ontwikkelen. Omdat we in de wiskunde tot op de kleinste elementen en hun relaties kunnen gaan als het gaat om het beschrijven van de werkelijkheid, is het aan ons onze modellen zo in te richten dat die efficient zijn. Wiskunde voegt zelf vanwege zijn eigen aard niet iets toe wat voor de beschrijving niet noodzakelijk is. In het perspectief van deze bijzondere kwaliteiten is de wiskunde niet op één lijn te stellen met andere vormen van wetenschap. Ze heeft in het gebouw van de wetenschap een unieke plaats, misschien ergens op de onderste verdieping van dat gebouw.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Naar aanleiding van het voorgaande zouden we tot het idee kunnen komen dat er nooit iets fundamenteel kan &amp;quot;misgaan&amp;quot; in het toepassen van wiskunde. Binnen het gebied van de wiskunde zelf gaat er soms wel degelijk iets mis, en de bekende paradoxen zoals die van Bertrand Russell laten dit zien. Kurt Gödel heeft aangetoond dat voor belangrijke takken van wiskunde niet kan worden bewezen dat ze consistent zijn, maar het is niet bekend in hoeverre dit invloed zou kunnen hebben op de praktische toepassing van wiskunde op het gebied van de natuurkunde. ■&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Yoga_Sutra&amp;diff=1415</id>
		<title>Yoga Sutra</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Yoga_Sutra&amp;diff=1415"/>
		<updated>2026-06-25T15:48:05Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;width: 70%; padding: 20px; background-color: #f0f0f0; border: 1px solid #b0b0b0;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
== Het hart van Patañjali&#039;s Yoga Sūtra&#039;s ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
(v. 4, 28 mei 2017 - Dit artikel is verschenen in Theosofia jg. 113 nr. 3, augustus 2012)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Naar aanleiding van het zeer inspirerende seminar &amp;quot;Transformation of Consciousness: the Yoga Sutras of Patañjali&amp;quot; met Ravi Ravindra afgelopen juni op het Internationaal Theosofisch Centrum in Naarden, wil ik samen met de lezer in dit korte artikel proberen de essentie van de Yoga Sūtra&#039;s aan te raken, aan de hand van de meest relevante sūtra&#039;s. Waar dat nuttig is kunnen we de vertaling van Ravindra raadplegen, die van I.K Taimni en de Yogabhāṣya, het belangijkste commentaar op de Sūtra&#039;s, dat wordt toegeschreven aan de Ṛṣi Vyāsa. [1],[2],[3],[4]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Wat is yoga?===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Om te beginnen zouden we sūtra 1.2 kunnen bekijken, waarin een definitie van yoga wordt gegeven.[5] De rest van de tekst vormt in feite een uitwerking van deze ene sūtra.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #ffffee;&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;padding: 20px;&amp;quot;|&amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;yogaś-citta-vṛtti-nirodhaḥ || 1.2 ||&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In de Engelse vertaling van Ravindra is deze sūtra weergegeven als: &amp;quot;Yoga is establishing the mind (chitta) in stillness.&amp;quot;, of &amp;quot;Yoga is het vestigen van de geest in stilte&amp;quot;. Als we ons hierin enigszins inleven, voelen we onmiddellijk de grootsheid van wat Patañjali ons in de sūtra&#039;s moet gaan overbrengen. In deze vertaling horen we ook meteen de toon van Jiddu Krishnamurti doorklinken, wiens denken op Ravindra duidelijk een grote invloed heeft gehad, en die in zijn boek (en ook tijdens het seminar) regelmatig wordt geciteerd.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Meer woordelijk zegt sūtra 1.2 zoiets als: &amp;quot;Yoga is het stopzetten van de bewegingen van het denkvermogen.&amp;quot;. Het centrale begrip is hier vṛtti, beweging, dat is afgeleid van de wortel vṛt, draaien. We kunnen het zien als het wervelen van ons denken. De bestudeerder uit de tijd van Patañjali zou dit misschien hebben gezien als een verwijzing naar de vedische scheppingsmythe van samudramanthana, het &amp;quot;karnen van de wereldoceaan&amp;quot;. Het Nederlandse &amp;quot;worden&amp;quot; is een ver familielid van &amp;quot;vṛtti&amp;quot;, hetgeen een verband laat zien tussen draaien en scheppen. De overeenkomst tussen mens en wereld, of micro- en macrokosmos, is in occulte literatuur vaak een sleutel tot hoger inzicht.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
De citta, het denkvermogen, bevat de middenstof (ook citta genoemd) waarin de gedachten en gevoelens tot aanzijn komen. Welke typen vṛtti&#039;s er zijn en waardoor ze worden veroorzaakt wordt vervolgens uitgewerkt in sūtra 1.5 en verder. De vijf typen zijn ware kennis, valse kennis, fantasie, slaap en herinnering. Voor citta zouden we ook het woord psyche kunnen gebruiken, het bewustzijnsveld (kṣetra) waarin onze ervaringen zich weerspiegelen.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===De sādhana===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In het tweede hoofdstuk, getiteld sādhana pāda, wordt aangegeven volgens welke methode het stopzetten van de bewegingen van het denkvermogen kan worden bereikt. Sādhana is de kern van iedere yogascholing, dat wil zeggen de praktijk van yogabeoefening, die het onderscheid bepaalt tussen de bestudeerder van yoga en de yogi. Daarbij zijn zaken als een geschikte zithouding (āsana) en het doen van ademhalingsoefeningen (prānāyāma) van secundair belang. Zo beweert Taimni in zijn &amp;quot;Glimpses&amp;quot;, dat iemand een expert kan zijn in āsana&#039;s en prānāyāma, zonder ook maar iets van de echte yoga te weten.6 Het tot innerlijke stilte voeren van de psyche is de enige essentie van echte yoga, en het hoofdstuk over de sādhana vertelt ons hoe we deze weg daadwerkelijk kunnen bewandelen. In de sūtra&#039;s 2.25 en 2.26 wordt de kern van deze weg omschreven als het geleidelijk opgeven van gehechtheden, oftewel &amp;quot;verzaking&amp;quot;:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #ffffee;&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;padding: 20px;&amp;quot;| &amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;tad-abhāvāt saṁyoga-abhāvo hānaṁ tad-dṛśeḥ kaivalyam || 2.25 ||&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Uit het ontbreken van onwetendheid volgt het opgeven van [zintuiglijk] contact. Dit is verzaking. Uit dit inzicht volgt volkomen onthechting (kaivalya).&amp;quot; Sommige vertalingen, waaronder die van Taimni, geven hier voor het woord dṛśeḥ de vertaling &amp;quot;door de Ziener&amp;quot;. De Ziener, puruṣa, is het uiteindelijke subject in alle menselijke ervaring, de diepste kern van ons wezen. Het blind zijn voor de fundamentele verbondenheid van al onze bewustzijnsinhouden met puruṣa is de essentie van de onwetendheid (avidyā) die ten grondslag ligt aan het steeds opnieuw creëren van karma. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #ffffee;&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;padding: 20px;&amp;quot;| &amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;viveka-khyātir aviplavā hānopāyaḥ || 2.26 ||&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In de vertaling van Ravindra is dit: &amp;quot;Steady vision of discernment (viveka) is the way to overcome ignorance.&amp;quot;, of in het Nederlands, &amp;quot;een stabiele visie met het juiste onderscheid (viveka) is de manier om onwetendheid te overkomen&amp;quot;. Het &amp;quot;middel tot verzaking&amp;quot;, hānopāya, is eenvoudig &amp;quot;waarneming met onderscheidingsvermogen&amp;quot;, viveka-khyāti.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Wat is meditatie?===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Als we de meest essentiële sūtra&#039;s willen selecteren, zouden we een sprong kunnen maken naar het derde hoofdstuk, naar de sūtra&#039;s 3.2 en 3.3, de definities van dhyāna en samādhi, respectievelijk meditatie en de toestand van meditatieve trance.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #ffffee;&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;padding: 20px;&amp;quot;| &amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;tatra pratyaya-ekatānatā dhyānam || 3.2 ||&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Meditatie is dan: eenpuntige gerichtheid op het object van waarneming.&amp;quot; Het commentaar van Vyāsa geeft aan, dat de waarneming in een ononderbroken stroom verblijft bij het object, onaangeraakt door welke andere waarneming dan ook. [8]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #ffffee;&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;padding: 20px;&amp;quot;| &amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;tad eva-artha-mātra-nirbhāsaṁ sva-rūpa-śūnyam-iva samādhiḥ || 3.3 ||&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Samādhi is hetzelfde [als dhyāna], maar in dat geval verschijnt uitsluitend het object van waarneming, alsof de eigen aard [van de psyche] afwezig is.&amp;quot; De toestand van samādhi vooronderstelt dus de volmaakte eenpuntige gerichtheid van dhyāna, en deze vooronderstelt weer de oefening van dhārana, concentratie. In tegenstelling tot dhārana en dhyāna is samādhi een toestand van verhoogd bewustzijn. Wie een toestand van samādhi meemaakt, weet dat hij iets niet-alledaags meemaakt, door het verheffende en vitaliserende effect ervan. Het is geen ongecontroleerde toestand van trance, maar gaat wel steeds gepaard met een zekere extatische kwaliteit. Saṁyama, meditatief onderzoek, wordt in sūtra 3.4 gedefinieerd als de toepassing van dhārana, dhyāna en samādhi tesamen. Het inzicht dat in de toestand van verhoogd bewustzijn ontstaat, vormt de basis voor het ontwikkelen van de bijzondere vermogens, de siddhi&#039;s. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Van samādhi wordt gezegd dat het is &amp;quot;alsof sva-rūpa afwezig is&amp;quot;. Verschillende vertalingen van sūtra 3.3 gaan echter heel verschillend om met dit woord sva-rūpa, de &amp;quot;eigen aard&amp;quot;. Gramaticaal is het niet duidelijk waar sva, eigen, naar verwijst. In de sūtra zijn eigenlijk twee instanties mogelijk waarop sva kan worden betrokken, te weten 1. het object van waarneming, of 2. de citta, als subject. Sommige vertalers beweren dus dat het object van waarneming in samādhi afwezig lijkt te zijn, andere menen dat juist de invloed van de waarnemer op de waarneming afwezig lijkt te zijn. Het verschil tussen deze twee duidingen is best opmerkelijk omdat het hier gaat om een belangrijke definitie - en niet te vergeten persoonlijke ervaring - van de bewustzijnstoestand waar in feite het hele geschrift om scharniert. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ravindra vertaalt sūtra 3.3 als volgt: &amp;quot;Samadhi is the state when the self is not, when there is awareness only of the object of meditation.&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Samadhi is de toestand waarin het zelf niet bestaat, en waarin er alleen bewustzijn is van het object van meditatie&amp;quot;. Dit correspondeert met de tweede duiding, die ook het meest ligt in de lijn van Krishnamurti. Ook Taimni kiest in zijn vertaling voor deze duiding. We kunnen in dit geval op zoek gaan naar bevestiging in het gezaghebbende commentaar van Vyāsa. In de weergave van Ganganatha Jha vinden we: &amp;quot;When Contemplation is conscious of the form of the object, and appears as if devoid of its own character of consciousness, then on account of its being infused with the character of the contemplated object, it becomes meditation.&amp;quot;, of: &amp;quot;Indien dhyāna zich bewust is van de vorm van het object, en als het ware ontdaan lijkt te zijn van het eigen karakter van het bewustzijn, dan wordt hij, omdat hij doordrongen is met het karakter van het object van meditatie, tot samādhi.&amp;quot; [3] Ook al is deze zin wat lastig te doorgronden, wat betreft de interpretatie van sva-rūpa is hij eenduidig. De frase sva-rūpa-śūnyam-iva zegt volgens Vyāsa, dat de waarneming &amp;quot;als het ware ontdaan lijkt te zijn van het eigen karakter van het bewustzijn&amp;quot;. Kort gezegd: het subjectieve element in de waarneming verdwijnt. Het commentaar geeft dus ondersteuning voor de duiding van Ravindra en Taimni. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Integratie van de psyche===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
De verhandeling over het in 1.2 opgeworpen vraagstuk inzake het &amp;quot;stopzetten van de bewegingen van het denkvermogen&amp;quot; vindt zijn culminatie in het laatste hoofdstuk, in het bijzonder in de sūtra&#039;s 4.24 en 4.25.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #ffffee;&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;padding: 20px;&amp;quot;| &amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;tad-asaṁkhyeya-vāsanābhiś-citram-api para-arthaṁ saṁhatya-kāritvāt || 4.24 ||&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Hoewel het denkvermogen veelvoudig is vanwege ontelbare restanten van indrukken (vāsanā&#039;s), werkt het door samenwerking (integratie) ten dienste van het Hogere.&amp;quot;8 De kleśa&#039;s, vāsanā&#039;s en saṁskāra&#039;s zijn elk op hun eigen manier oorzaken van bewegingen van de psyche (vṛtti&#039;s). Ze introduceren subjectieve vertekeningen in het proces van waarneming. Taimni geeft een tamelijk diepgaande analyse van elk van deze drie termen.9 Kort samengevat luidt deze als volgt. Kleśa&#039;s zijn oorzaken van het ontstaan van nieuw karma, ingedeeld naar de drijfveren van de handelende persoon. Saṁskāra&#039;s zijn opgeslagen ervaringen die onder andere in het oorzakelijk lichaam (kāraṇa śarīra) worden vastgelegd. Vāsanā&#039;s zijn tendensen met een eigen geneigdheid zich via de persoonlijkheid (jīvā) te manifesteren, die ontstaan zijn op grond van eerdere ervaringen. Ze kunnen zich als actief karma (huidige leven) of als latent karma (volgende levens) presenteren. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Een manier om de staat van volkomen onthechting (kaivalya) te bereiken is, deze oorzaken van de bewegingen van de psyche steeds in verband te blijven zien met het hogere doel van de persoonlijkheid (jīvā). We zouden dit kunnen aanduiden als &amp;quot;integratie van de psyche&amp;quot;. Als we ons realiseren dat bewustzijnsinhouden fundamenteel niet onafhankelijk zijn van hun functie ten dienste van het geheel, betekent dat, dat ze zich niet tegen ons kunnen keren, in die zin dat ze ons psychisch of lichamelijk ziek kunnen maken. Het &amp;quot;heel maken van de psyche&amp;quot; is onderdeel van het proces dat plaatsvindt op het pad van geestelijke ontwikkeling. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #ffffee;&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;padding: 20px;&amp;quot;| &amp;lt;nowiki&amp;gt;viśeṣa-darśina ātma-bhāva bhāvanā-vinivṛttiḥ || 4.25 ||&amp;lt;/nowiki&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;quot;Het zien van dit onderscheid beëindigt de conceptie van de eigen natuur.&amp;quot; Deze twee sūtra&#039;s horen bijelkaar in zoverre, dat 4.25 het belang van 4.24 nog eens onderstreept. Sūtra 4.25 gaat echter nog een stap verder, en geeft aan dat door het juiste en volkomen inzicht in de verhouding tussen de psychische inhouden en hun heer, puruṣa, uiteindelijk het idee van het afgescheiden zelf volledig verdwijnt, met als gevolg de volmaakte eenwording met het allerhoogste. &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Noten&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1. Ravi Ravindra, The Wisdom of Patañjali&#039;s Yoga Sutras, Morning Light Press, Sandpoint, ID (USA), 2009&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
2. I.K. Taimni, De Yoga-Sūtras van Patañjali, Esoterische Studiegroep Theosofie, &#039;s-Gravenhage, 1975&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
3. Ganganatha Jha, Yoga Darsana: The Yoga Sutras of Patanjali with the Bhashya of Vyasa, Rajaram Tukaram Tatya, Bombay, 1907&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
4. James Haughton Woods, The Yoga-System of Patanjali, or the Ancient Hindu Doctrine of Concentration of Mind, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA (USA), 1914&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
5. Ashok Aklujkar, Patañjali&#039;s Yogasūtra, Göttingen Register of Electronic Texts in Indian Languages (GRETIL), http://gretil.sub.uni-goettingen.de/gretil/1_sanskr/6_sastra/3_phil/yoga/yogasutu.htm (De tekst in dit artikel is aangepast aan de weergave in het boek van Ravindra, zie noot 1)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
6. I.K. Taimni, Glimpses into the Psychology of Yoga, Theosophical Publishing House, Adyar, Madras, 1973, p. 323&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
7. Woods, op. cit., p. 204&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
8. De tekst in het werk van Ravindra geeft hier chittam (cittam), waar in andere teksten citram staat. In devanāgarischrift kan de tt-ligatuur soms moeilijk worden onderscheiden van de tr-ligatuur. De citram is hier de gangbare lezing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
9. Taimni, De Yoga-Sūtras van Patañjali, commentaar bij sūtra&#039;s 2.3-2.4 en 4.6-4.10&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #eeeeff;&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;padding: 20px;&amp;quot;|[[Media:Het_hart_van_de_Yoga_Sutras_-_4.pdf|Download hier &amp;quot;Het hart van Patañjali&#039;s Yoga Sutra&#039;s&amp;quot;]]  [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Table: Svarupa in various interpretations of the Yoga Sutras==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Svarupa.jpg]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Semiotische_driehoek&amp;diff=1414</id>
		<title>Semiotische driehoek</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Semiotische_driehoek&amp;diff=1414"/>
		<updated>2026-06-25T15:47:33Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;width: 70%; padding: 20px; background-color: #f0f0f0; border: 1px solid #b0b0b0;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 00px; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Ingmar de Boer, versie 1, 30-11-2020&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #ffffff; width: 100%;&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;padding: 20px;&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
* Download: [[Media:Semiotische driehoek_-_1.pdf | De semiotische driehoek]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Link: [https://www.unilim.fr/actes-semiotiques/1640 François Rastier - La triade sémiotique, le trivium et la sémantique linguistique] [[File:French.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
De drie elementen wiskunde, brein, werkelijkheid en hun onderlinge betrekkingen zijn (in andere bewoordingen) onderdeel van de filosofie van Ludwig Wittgenstein&#039;s boek &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;, maar het denken over deze elementen en betrekkingen is al veel ouder.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In zijn verhandeling &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Over interpretatie&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; (&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Peri Hermeneias&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;), 16a3-8, maakte Aristoteles rond 350 v. Chr. al een onderscheid tussen 1. symbolen, 2. de &amp;quot;aandoeningen van de ziel&amp;quot; of letterlijk &amp;quot;gebeurtenissen in de ziel&amp;quot; waarvoor zij symbool staan, en 3. de omstandigheden die deze weerspiegelen. De symbolen (τὰ ἐν τῇ φωνῇ τῶν ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ παθηµάτων σύµβολα) kunnen bijvoorbeeld in verschillende talen verschillend zijn, maar de aandoeningen van de ziel (τά παθήµατα) waarnaar ze verwijzen zijn voor iedereen hetzelfde, net als de omstandigheden (τά πράγµατα) waarvan deze het beeld (τό ὁµοίωµα) zijn.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;margin-left: 30px; font-style: italic;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
ἔστι µὲν οὖν τὰ ἐν τῇ φωνῇ τῶν ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ παθηµάτων σύµβολα, καὶ τὰ γραφόµενα τῶν ἐν τῇ φωνῇ. καὶ ὥσπερ οὐδὲ γράµµατα πᾶσι τὰ αὐτά, οὐδὲ φωναὶ αἱ αὐταί· ὧν µέντοι ταῦτα σηµεῖα πρώτων, ταὐτὰ πᾶσι παθήµατα τῆς ψυχῆς, καὶ ὧν ταῦτα ὁµοιώµατα πράγµατα ἤδη ταὐτά.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;margin-left: 30px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Spoken words are the symbols of mental experience and written words&lt;br /&gt;
are the symbols of spoken words. Just as all men have not the same&lt;br /&gt;
writing, so all men have not the same speech sounds, but the mental&lt;br /&gt;
experiences, which these directly symbolize, are the same for all,&lt;br /&gt;
as also are those things of which our experiences are the images. &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
(vertaling E.M. Edghill)&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Het adagium &amp;quot;vox significat mediantibus conceptibus&amp;quot; wordt de scholastici toegeschreven. Thomas van Aquino haalt rond het jaar 1267 bovenstaande passage van Aristoteles aan in zijn &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Summa Theologiae&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;, en geeft daarvan een eigen weergave:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;margin-left: 30px;  font-style: italic;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[...] secundum philosophum, voces sunt signa intellectuum, et intellectus sunt rerum similitudines. Et sic patet quod voces referuntur ad res significandas, mediante conceptione intellectus.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;margin-left: 30px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[...] Since according to the Philosopher (Peri Herm. i), words are signs of ideas, and ideas the similitude of things, it is evident that words relate to the meaning of things signified through the medium of the intellectual conception.&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; (vertaling Fr. L. Shapcote)&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Semiotische_-_6.png|border]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Volgens Thomas is het uit het citaat van Aristoteles duidelijk (patet) dat de woorden (voces) worden herleid (referuntur) tot de dingen (res) door middel van intellectueel begrip (mediante conceptione intellectus). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In de moderne tijd vinden we deze zogenoemde &amp;quot;semiotische driehoek&amp;quot; ook in taalkundige en filosofische literatuur, bijvoorbeeld bij Stephen Ullmann, naar aanleiding waarvan de driehoek ook wel &amp;quot;Ullmanns driehoek&amp;quot; wordt genoemd (hieronder links), en in de geschiedenis van de moderne logica, bijvoorbeeld bij Charles Kay Ogden (hieronder rechts). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #ffffff;  &amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;padding: 20px;&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Ullmanns-Triangle-The-relationship-between-a-thing-in-reality-its-conceptualization.png|300px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Ogden_and_Richards_Triangle.png|300px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Als we de driehoek vertalen naar de context van wiskunde en natuurkunde zoals ik (zonder verdere uitleg) heb gedaan in het eerdere artikel ([[Wiskunde|Waarom is wiskunde zo&#039;n effectief middel in het beschrijven van natuurkundige verschijnselen?]]), zou hij er bijvoorbeeld zo uit kunnen zien:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Semiotische_-_5.png|border]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hiermee hebben we een eenvoudig model van een wiskundige uitdrukking en de natuurkundige werkelijkheid in hun onderlinge relatie. Als we de driehoek zien als model van de opzet van een experiment, kunnen we het proces van experimenteren in algemene zin beschrijven als een reeks rondgangen door de driehoek. Iets verder uitgewerkt zou dit proces bijvoorbeeld als volgt kunnen wordt voorgesteld:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Prediction_-_1.png|border]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
De semiotische driehoek bestaat blijkbaar al 2370 jaar, en wellicht langer. (We spreken 2020.) Nu zijn er natuurlijk in die 2370 jaar wel denkers geweest die aan de drie zijden van deze driehoek hebben geknaagd, en deze bijvoorbeeld tot een tweehoek hebben willen reduceren. Ongetwijfeld kan er veel meer gezegd worden over hoe het proces van cognitie precies werkt (neurologie, cognitiewetenschap), hoe de afbeelding van de wereld precies in de hersenen wordt gecodeerd, of in de ziel (psychologie, Aristoteles), of er überhaupt een welgedefinieerd beeld van de werkelijkheid uit talige of wiskundige uitdrukkingen kan worden geconstrueerd (Saul Kripke), etc. etc. De driehoek geeft echter in grote trekken een adequaat beeld van wat voor elk van ons het overgrote deel van onze dagelijkse bezigheid is, het in kaart brengen van onze omgeving en deze informatie uitwisselen met anderen. ■&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Semiotische_driehoek&amp;diff=1413</id>
		<title>Semiotische driehoek</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Semiotische_driehoek&amp;diff=1413"/>
		<updated>2026-06-25T15:47:19Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;width: 70%; padding: 20px; background-color: #f0f0f0; border: 1px solid #b0b0b0;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 00px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Ingmar de Boer, versie 1, 30-11-2020&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #ffffff; width: 100%;&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;padding: 20px;&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
* Download: [[Media:Semiotische driehoek_-_1.pdf | De semiotische driehoek]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Link: [https://www.unilim.fr/actes-semiotiques/1640 François Rastier - La triade sémiotique, le trivium et la sémantique linguistique] [[File:French.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
De drie elementen wiskunde, brein, werkelijkheid en hun onderlinge betrekkingen zijn (in andere bewoordingen) onderdeel van de filosofie van Ludwig Wittgenstein&#039;s boek &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;, maar het denken over deze elementen en betrekkingen is al veel ouder.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In zijn verhandeling &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Over interpretatie&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; (&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Peri Hermeneias&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;), 16a3-8, maakte Aristoteles rond 350 v. Chr. al een onderscheid tussen 1. symbolen, 2. de &amp;quot;aandoeningen van de ziel&amp;quot; of letterlijk &amp;quot;gebeurtenissen in de ziel&amp;quot; waarvoor zij symbool staan, en 3. de omstandigheden die deze weerspiegelen. De symbolen (τὰ ἐν τῇ φωνῇ τῶν ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ παθηµάτων σύµβολα) kunnen bijvoorbeeld in verschillende talen verschillend zijn, maar de aandoeningen van de ziel (τά παθήµατα) waarnaar ze verwijzen zijn voor iedereen hetzelfde, net als de omstandigheden (τά πράγµατα) waarvan deze het beeld (τό ὁµοίωµα) zijn.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;margin-left: 30px; font-style: italic;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
ἔστι µὲν οὖν τὰ ἐν τῇ φωνῇ τῶν ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ παθηµάτων σύµβολα, καὶ τὰ γραφόµενα τῶν ἐν τῇ φωνῇ. καὶ ὥσπερ οὐδὲ γράµµατα πᾶσι τὰ αὐτά, οὐδὲ φωναὶ αἱ αὐταί· ὧν µέντοι ταῦτα σηµεῖα πρώτων, ταὐτὰ πᾶσι παθήµατα τῆς ψυχῆς, καὶ ὧν ταῦτα ὁµοιώµατα πράγµατα ἤδη ταὐτά.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;margin-left: 30px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Spoken words are the symbols of mental experience and written words&lt;br /&gt;
are the symbols of spoken words. Just as all men have not the same&lt;br /&gt;
writing, so all men have not the same speech sounds, but the mental&lt;br /&gt;
experiences, which these directly symbolize, are the same for all,&lt;br /&gt;
as also are those things of which our experiences are the images. &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
(vertaling E.M. Edghill)&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Het adagium &amp;quot;vox significat mediantibus conceptibus&amp;quot; wordt de scholastici toegeschreven. Thomas van Aquino haalt rond het jaar 1267 bovenstaande passage van Aristoteles aan in zijn &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Summa Theologiae&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;, en geeft daarvan een eigen weergave:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;margin-left: 30px;  font-style: italic;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[...] secundum philosophum, voces sunt signa intellectuum, et intellectus sunt rerum similitudines. Et sic patet quod voces referuntur ad res significandas, mediante conceptione intellectus.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;margin-left: 30px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[...] Since according to the Philosopher (Peri Herm. i), words are signs of ideas, and ideas the similitude of things, it is evident that words relate to the meaning of things signified through the medium of the intellectual conception.&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; (vertaling Fr. L. Shapcote)&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Semiotische_-_6.png|border]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Volgens Thomas is het uit het citaat van Aristoteles duidelijk (patet) dat de woorden (voces) worden herleid (referuntur) tot de dingen (res) door middel van intellectueel begrip (mediante conceptione intellectus). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In de moderne tijd vinden we deze zogenoemde &amp;quot;semiotische driehoek&amp;quot; ook in taalkundige en filosofische literatuur, bijvoorbeeld bij Stephen Ullmann, naar aanleiding waarvan de driehoek ook wel &amp;quot;Ullmanns driehoek&amp;quot; wordt genoemd (hieronder links), en in de geschiedenis van de moderne logica, bijvoorbeeld bij Charles Kay Ogden (hieronder rechts). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #ffffff;  &amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;padding: 20px;&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Ullmanns-Triangle-The-relationship-between-a-thing-in-reality-its-conceptualization.png|300px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Ogden_and_Richards_Triangle.png|300px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Als we de driehoek vertalen naar de context van wiskunde en natuurkunde zoals ik (zonder verdere uitleg) heb gedaan in het eerdere artikel ([[Wiskunde|Waarom is wiskunde zo&#039;n effectief middel in het beschrijven van natuurkundige verschijnselen?]]), zou hij er bijvoorbeeld zo uit kunnen zien:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Semiotische_-_5.png|border]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hiermee hebben we een eenvoudig model van een wiskundige uitdrukking en de natuurkundige werkelijkheid in hun onderlinge relatie. Als we de driehoek zien als model van de opzet van een experiment, kunnen we het proces van experimenteren in algemene zin beschrijven als een reeks rondgangen door de driehoek. Iets verder uitgewerkt zou dit proces bijvoorbeeld als volgt kunnen wordt voorgesteld:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Prediction_-_1.png|border]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
De semiotische driehoek bestaat blijkbaar al 2370 jaar, en wellicht langer. (We spreken 2020.) Nu zijn er natuurlijk in die 2370 jaar wel denkers geweest die aan de drie zijden van deze driehoek hebben geknaagd, en deze bijvoorbeeld tot een tweehoek hebben willen reduceren. Ongetwijfeld kan er veel meer gezegd worden over hoe het proces van cognitie precies werkt (neurologie, cognitiewetenschap), hoe de afbeelding van de wereld precies in de hersenen wordt gecodeerd, of in de ziel (psychologie, Aristoteles), of er überhaupt een welgedefinieerd beeld van de werkelijkheid uit talige of wiskundige uitdrukkingen kan worden geconstrueerd (Saul Kripke), etc. etc. De driehoek geeft echter in grote trekken een adequaat beeld van wat voor elk van ons het overgrote deel van onze dagelijkse bezigheid is, het in kaart brengen van onze omgeving en deze informatie uitwisselen met anderen. ■&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Semiotische_driehoek&amp;diff=1412</id>
		<title>Semiotische driehoek</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Semiotische_driehoek&amp;diff=1412"/>
		<updated>2026-06-25T15:47:00Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;width: 70%; padding: 20px; background-color: #f0f0f0; border: 1px solid #b0b0b0;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Ingmar de Boer, versie 1, 30-11-2020&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #ffffff; width: 100%;&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;padding: 20px;&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
* Download: [[Media:Semiotische driehoek_-_1.pdf | De semiotische driehoek]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Link: [https://www.unilim.fr/actes-semiotiques/1640 François Rastier - La triade sémiotique, le trivium et la sémantique linguistique] [[File:French.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
De drie elementen wiskunde, brein, werkelijkheid en hun onderlinge betrekkingen zijn (in andere bewoordingen) onderdeel van de filosofie van Ludwig Wittgenstein&#039;s boek &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;, maar het denken over deze elementen en betrekkingen is al veel ouder.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In zijn verhandeling &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Over interpretatie&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; (&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Peri Hermeneias&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;), 16a3-8, maakte Aristoteles rond 350 v. Chr. al een onderscheid tussen 1. symbolen, 2. de &amp;quot;aandoeningen van de ziel&amp;quot; of letterlijk &amp;quot;gebeurtenissen in de ziel&amp;quot; waarvoor zij symbool staan, en 3. de omstandigheden die deze weerspiegelen. De symbolen (τὰ ἐν τῇ φωνῇ τῶν ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ παθηµάτων σύµβολα) kunnen bijvoorbeeld in verschillende talen verschillend zijn, maar de aandoeningen van de ziel (τά παθήµατα) waarnaar ze verwijzen zijn voor iedereen hetzelfde, net als de omstandigheden (τά πράγµατα) waarvan deze het beeld (τό ὁµοίωµα) zijn.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;margin-left: 30px; font-style: italic;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
ἔστι µὲν οὖν τὰ ἐν τῇ φωνῇ τῶν ἐν τῇ ψυχῇ παθηµάτων σύµβολα, καὶ τὰ γραφόµενα τῶν ἐν τῇ φωνῇ. καὶ ὥσπερ οὐδὲ γράµµατα πᾶσι τὰ αὐτά, οὐδὲ φωναὶ αἱ αὐταί· ὧν µέντοι ταῦτα σηµεῖα πρώτων, ταὐτὰ πᾶσι παθήµατα τῆς ψυχῆς, καὶ ὧν ταῦτα ὁµοιώµατα πράγµατα ἤδη ταὐτά.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;margin-left: 30px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Spoken words are the symbols of mental experience and written words&lt;br /&gt;
are the symbols of spoken words. Just as all men have not the same&lt;br /&gt;
writing, so all men have not the same speech sounds, but the mental&lt;br /&gt;
experiences, which these directly symbolize, are the same for all,&lt;br /&gt;
as also are those things of which our experiences are the images. &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
(vertaling E.M. Edghill)&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Het adagium &amp;quot;vox significat mediantibus conceptibus&amp;quot; wordt de scholastici toegeschreven. Thomas van Aquino haalt rond het jaar 1267 bovenstaande passage van Aristoteles aan in zijn &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Summa Theologiae&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;, en geeft daarvan een eigen weergave:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;margin-left: 30px;  font-style: italic;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[...] secundum philosophum, voces sunt signa intellectuum, et intellectus sunt rerum similitudines. Et sic patet quod voces referuntur ad res significandas, mediante conceptione intellectus.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;margin-left: 30px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[...] Since according to the Philosopher (Peri Herm. i), words are signs of ideas, and ideas the similitude of things, it is evident that words relate to the meaning of things signified through the medium of the intellectual conception.&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; (vertaling Fr. L. Shapcote)&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Semiotische_-_6.png|border]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Volgens Thomas is het uit het citaat van Aristoteles duidelijk (patet) dat de woorden (voces) worden herleid (referuntur) tot de dingen (res) door middel van intellectueel begrip (mediante conceptione intellectus). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In de moderne tijd vinden we deze zogenoemde &amp;quot;semiotische driehoek&amp;quot; ook in taalkundige en filosofische literatuur, bijvoorbeeld bij Stephen Ullmann, naar aanleiding waarvan de driehoek ook wel &amp;quot;Ullmanns driehoek&amp;quot; wordt genoemd (hieronder links), en in de geschiedenis van de moderne logica, bijvoorbeeld bij Charles Kay Ogden (hieronder rechts). &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #ffffff;  &amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;padding: 20px;&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Ullmanns-Triangle-The-relationship-between-a-thing-in-reality-its-conceptualization.png|300px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Ogden_and_Richards_Triangle.png|300px]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Als we de driehoek vertalen naar de context van wiskunde en natuurkunde zoals ik (zonder verdere uitleg) heb gedaan in het eerdere artikel ([[Wiskunde|Waarom is wiskunde zo&#039;n effectief middel in het beschrijven van natuurkundige verschijnselen?]]), zou hij er bijvoorbeeld zo uit kunnen zien:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Semiotische_-_5.png|border]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hiermee hebben we een eenvoudig model van een wiskundige uitdrukking en de natuurkundige werkelijkheid in hun onderlinge relatie. Als we de driehoek zien als model van de opzet van een experiment, kunnen we het proces van experimenteren in algemene zin beschrijven als een reeks rondgangen door de driehoek. Iets verder uitgewerkt zou dit proces bijvoorbeeld als volgt kunnen wordt voorgesteld:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Prediction_-_1.png|border]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
De semiotische driehoek bestaat blijkbaar al 2370 jaar, en wellicht langer. (We spreken 2020.) Nu zijn er natuurlijk in die 2370 jaar wel denkers geweest die aan de drie zijden van deze driehoek hebben geknaagd, en deze bijvoorbeeld tot een tweehoek hebben willen reduceren. Ongetwijfeld kan er veel meer gezegd worden over hoe het proces van cognitie precies werkt (neurologie, cognitiewetenschap), hoe de afbeelding van de wereld precies in de hersenen wordt gecodeerd, of in de ziel (psychologie, Aristoteles), of er überhaupt een welgedefinieerd beeld van de werkelijkheid uit talige of wiskundige uitdrukkingen kan worden geconstrueerd (Saul Kripke), etc. etc. De driehoek geeft echter in grote trekken een adequaat beeld van wat voor elk van ons het overgrote deel van onze dagelijkse bezigheid is, het in kaart brengen van onze omgeving en deze informatie uitwisselen met anderen. ■&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Lamp&amp;diff=1411</id>
		<title>Lamp</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Lamp&amp;diff=1411"/>
		<updated>2026-06-25T15:44:58Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;width: 60%; padding: 20px; background-color: #f0f0f0; border: 1px solid #b0b0b0;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 20px; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
== Een lamp te zijn voor jezelf: de praktijk van mindfulness ==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Door N. Sri Ram, oorspronkelijk verschenen in The Theosophist, december 1972, deze Nederlandse vertaling door Ingmar de Boer is verschenen in Theosofia, September 2017&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #ffffff; width: 100%;&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;padding: 20px;&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Sri_Ram_-_Een_lamp_te_zijn_voor_jezelf_-_6.pdf | Een lamp te zijn voor jezelf]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Sri_Ram_-_To_Be_a_Lamp_onto_Oneself.pdf | To Be a Lamp onto Oneself]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Nilakanta Sri Ram was president was van de Theosophical Society (Adyar) van 1953 tot zijn dood in 1973. Inleiding: in dit artikel wordt ‘mindfulness’ besproken, een term die in deze tijd onder invloed van Jon Kabat-Zinn in de wereld van spiritualiteit tot een bekend begrip is geworden. Het artikel is een vertaling van To Be a Lamp Unto Oneself van Sri Ram. In deze vertaling is de ondertitel ‘de praktijk van mindfulness’ toegevoegd. Het artikel werd uitgereikt als studiemateriaal op het seminar en de retraite To Be a Lamp Onto Oneself, over mindfulness, met Fernando de Torrijos, in juni 2017 op het Internationaal Theosofisch Centrum in Naarden. Hier volgen de woorden van Sri Ram.&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Soms wordt wel gezegd dat het enige dat het spirituele of occulte pad [noot 1] van innerlijke vooruitgang van de mens kan verlichten, het licht is dat schijnt van binnenuit. Het is de straling van dit licht, zwak en vaag in het begin maar helderder en helderder wordt, totdat het uiteindelijk ‘onaards’ wordt. Het is dit licht waarvoor de weg bereid wordt door de aandacht of mindfulness [noot 2] die elke geestelijke leraar keer op keer aangeeft. Aandacht is één van de facetten van het achtvoudige pad, waarvan de Boeddha sprak. Het woord uit het Pali [noot 3] dat hij gebruikte wordt vertaald als ‘juiste aandacht’, of ook wel als ‘juiste herinnering’. Het bijvoeglijk naamwoord dat wordt vertaald als ‘juist’, kan ook worden vertaald als ‘vervolmaakt’ of ‘gerealiseerd’. Woorden uit het Sanskriet en Pali hebben vaak een aanzienlijk aantal verschillende betekenissen. In De Boeddhistische Catechismus [noot 4] vertaalt kolonel H.S. Olcott de termen van het edele achtvoudige pad als volgt:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1. Juist inzicht (met betrekking tot de wet van oorzakelijkheid, of karma)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
2. Juist denken&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
3. Juist spreken&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
4. Juist handelen&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
5. Juiste middelen van bestaan&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
6. Juiste inspanning&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
7. Juiste herinnering en zelfdiscipline&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
8. Juiste concentratie van het denken&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Het Pali-woord dat door westerse geleerden wordt vertaald als ‘juist inzicht’, ‘juiste overtuiging’, of soms als ‘juiste opvattingen’, betekent letterlijk ‘juiste waarneming’, zonder welke het betreden van het pad geen goed beginpunt of stevige basis zou hebben. De tweede vereiste, juist denken, wordt ook wel vertaald als juist oplossen (resolve), of vastbeslotenheid. De wil moet aanwezig zijn die aanzet tot handeling in de juiste richting. De gehele Boeddhistische Catechismus is nauwkeurig doorgenomen door de ‘hogepriester’ Sumangala uit Ceylon. Tussen aanhalingstekens, want in het boeddhisme bestaan geen priesters in de christelijke zin van het woord, maar alleen monniken. Omdat Sumangala de catechismus goedkeurde, mogen we aannemen dat de vertalingen bij benadering juist zijn. C.W. Leadbeater, die de leringen in Ceylon besprak met dezelfde boeddhistische autoriteiten, vertaalt ‘juiste herinnering en zelfdiscipline’, de zevende vereiste [noot 5], als ‘juist geheugen’ of ‘juiste herinnering’; en het achtste, ‘juiste concentratie van het denken’, als ‘juiste meditatie’ of ‘juiste concentratie’. Omdat een woord in het Sanskriet of Pali vaak verschillende betekenissen heeft, is het vaak moeilijk om dat met één enkele filosofische term te vertalen. Misschien waren de woorden wel bedoeld om verschillende andere betekenissen te suggereren.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Nummer zeven, ‘juiste herinnering en zelfdiscipline’ (Right Memory) wordt algemeen gezien als de herinnering aan vorige levens, deels omdat van de Boeddha wordt gezegd dat hij zich al zijn vorige levens herinnerde. Dit is echter een populaire interpretatie; de doorsnee-mens is altijd op zoek naar sensatie. De heer Boeddha verwachtte niet van zijn gehoor, of van ons in latere generaties, dat men dergelijke herinneringen zou hebben. Dat komt misschien pas aan het einde van het pad en, zoals wij op dit moment zijn, zou het ons niet helpen als we ons onze vorige levens zouden herinneren. Als iemand mij heeft verwond in een vorig leven, zou ik misschien juist dankbaar kunnen zijn dat de herinnering daaraan helemaal is uitgewist: mijn relatie met hem kan daardoor een nieuw begin krijgen. Als alle verwondingen die we in dit leven hebben vastgehouden op gelijke wijze zouden kunnen worden uitgewist, nog met ditzelfde brein voordat het afsterft, dan zou dat een buitengewone verandering in onszelf teweegbrengen. We zouden tenminste op de innerlijke gebieden zo onze rekening met de betreffende personen kunnen vereffenen. De uitwassen daarvandaan die vorm aannemen op het uiterlijk niveau zullen vrij snel uitsterven. Daarnaast zouden onze hersenen in een veel betere conditie kunnen komen, en beter kunnen functioneren.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
‘Juiste herinnering’ (Right Remembrance) kan veel zaken omvatten. We moeten ons herinneren wat nodig is of belangrijk, in het bijzonder om fouten te voorkomen die we anders hadden kunnen maken. Sommige van deze fouten zouden van ernstige aard kunnen zijn, andere van minder belang, en weer andere betreft wellicht futiliteiten. We kunnen zelf in onze geest [noot 6] de geneigdheden bijstellen die zich in onze fouten manifesteren. Juiste aandacht of mindfulness kan dit resultaat hebben. Als je een afspraak maakt, zul je je die moeten herinneren. Je zult je ook moeten herinneren wie jouw hulp kan gebruiken of nodig heeft. Als je aan iemand denkt, kun je je ook de kant van hem herinneren die affectie of welwillendheid opwekt, terwijl je de kant die andere emoties losmaakt weglaat, of er niet te lang bij stil blijft staan. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Juiste aandacht of mindfulness moet ook inhouden dat je je volledige aandacht geeft aan wat je moet doen, zonder voorbij te gaan aan belangrijke punten. Het is overduidelijk dat dit een dagelijks voortdurend proces is. Als iemand een schilderij maakt mag hij geen enkel detail vergeten. Wat je ook doet, je doet het zo goed mogelijk, binnen de grenzen van tijd en beschikbare middelen. Er is echter ook juiste aandacht voor die beperkingen. Als je zegt ‘Ik kon een belangrijke brief niet op tijd op de post doen, omdat ik de tekst zo mooi mogelijk wilde maken’, dan zou dat niet slim zijn: je moet een zeker gevoel hebben voor de juiste verhoudingen, maar dat is iets dat vanzelf met de tijd komt.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Werkelijke mindfulness (Right Mindfulness) is een belangrijke deugd, een sleutel die de deur opent naar zaken die tot dan toe niet werden waargenomen en daardoor werden veronachtzaamd. Als je tegen iemand zegt ‘Heb gevoel voor verhoudingen’, dan weet hij misschien niet eens wat je bedoelt. Net als tolerantie, goede smaak en gracieus handelen is het een kenmerk van rijpheid. Het komt vanzelf wanneer we vanbinnen wakker worden. Volledige aandacht geven aan wat dan ook, een werkstuk, voorwerpen om je heen, de schoonheid van die voorwerpen, je gedrag, spraak, je toon van spreken, je gedachten, gevoelens en handelingen, het is werkelijk een proces van ontwaken. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Om een voorwerp te zien zoals het is mogen er geen subjectieve toevoegingen van de geest zijn. De geest mag zijn gedachten er als het ware niet tussenplaatsen. Er mag geen reactie of mentaal commentaar zijn dat de zuivere ontvankelijkheid van de geest kan storen. De geest moet in een negatieve of ontvankelijke toestand zijn, en wel wakker, niet slapend of dromend. Een dergelijke toestand is als een spiegel, waarin alle dingen getrouw worden weerspiegeld. Eerst moet je het object zien zoals het is, of dat nu een situatie is of de toestand van de geest, of welk ander object van waarneming dan ook. Alleen dan kan een helder begrip van de aard van het object ontstaan. Boeddhistische monniken of aspiranten oefenen het op deze manier kijken regelmatig. Zij noemen het kale aandacht, of aandacht zonder meer (bare attention), dat wil zeggen alleen maar aandacht en observatie, zonder kleuring of interpretatie, zonder enige actie van het geheugen. Ze oefenen deze ‘bare attention’ stap voor stap bij al hun handelingen op het fysieke en op alle andere gebieden, waarbij zij zich baseren op teksten uit de Pali canon. Ze beginnen met de ademhaling, dat wil zeggen het waarnemen van het inademen, het uitademen, de snelheid en lengte ervan, enzovoorts, steeds zonder het ademen te reguleren zoals bij de beoefening van pranayama. Het gaat alleen om het waarnemen. Dan gaan ze verder naar de houdingen (asana&#039;s) van het lichaam en alle aspecten van hoe het lichaam beweegt, hoe je zit, eet, loopt, enzovoorts. Als je dat doet, stop je met je te identificeren met het lichaam. Aan de voeten van de meester [noot 7] zegt: ‘Je bent niet je lichaam’. We kunnen dat accepteren als filosofische stelling of als deel van een theorie, maar dat betekent niet dat we ons dit werkelijk realiseren. Juiste aandacht of mindfulness, voortdurend beoefend, is bedoeld om eerst deze scheiding in de geest te bewerkstelligen. Daarna wordt de aandacht gericht op de gewaarwordingen van alle zintuigen, en dan op gevoelens, bewustzijnstoestanden en de inhouden bij die toestanden. Je moet voorzichtig zijn wanneer je dit doet, zodat je niet onbewust te zeer op jezelf betrokken raakt of egocentrisch wordt. Voor zover je dit inderdaad bent, zou je kunnen ontwaken ten opzichte van deze toestand, en deze toestand zou weer een object van observatie kunnen, met het oogmerk om jezelf daarvan te bevrijden. Absolute vrijheid in elk opzicht, in elk aspect van je wezen, dat is het doel en de bedoeling van dit alles.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
J. Krishnamurti spreekt over het belang van gewaar te zijn zonder keuze (choiceless awareness, keuzeloos gewaar zijn), zonder een systeem waaraan je je conformeert. Hij vraagt vaak: ‘Kun je kijken naar een boom, zonder je kennis en herinnering ervan aan deze waarneming toe te voegen, zodat je hem ziet alsof het de eerste keer is?’ Dit is niet makkelijk voor ons, en dat weet je meteen als je het probeert, want je kennis en herinneringen zijn diep in de geest vastgelegd. Het bewustzijn waarmee we het leven zijn begonnen is in de loop der tijd op veel verschillende manieren veranderd. Door te oefenen kun je echter leren om te zien zonder er gedachten tussen te plaatsen. Zoals je dit met een boom oefent, zo kan het ook met andere dingen: als je naar iets kijkt moet de aandacht niet geconcentreerd of beperkt zijn, zodat het zien van datgene wat ermee verbonden is, of van wat verder weg is belemmerd wordt. Alle bepalende factoren moeten kunnen worden gezien. Als de wil niet wordt ingebracht bij het kijken, dan zal de aandacht op een natuurlijke manier stromen, dat wil zeggen, zonder spanning en zonder overmatig te worden geconcentreerd. Volgens de boeddhistische leer is deze oefening van het ‘negatief gewaarworden’ werkelijk de enige weg: het betekent het direct ervaren van de aard van het object en het zal de geest openen voor vele zaken, een nieuwe wereld in feite, nieuw, omdat de geest nieuw wordt, en waarneemt wat hij nog niet eerder heeft waargenomen. De geest ziet dan alle dingen als gelijkwaardig, zonder keuze, en in hun ware of innerlijke natuur. Hij ziet het goede als goed, het kwade als kwaad, het mooie als mooi, en het lelijke als het lelijk. De waarheid verschijnt in het brandpunt van de aandacht. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Als een mens geen gevoel voor schoonheid heeft, niet kan waarderen wat werkelijk mooi is, hoe kan hij hij die eigenschap dan toch verwerven? Er zijn mensen in India, met name onder hen die de eenvoud cultiveren, die denken dat schoonheid niet essentieel is. In hun visie is het een versiersel, verbonden met seks, begeerte, ijdelheid, enzovoorts, maar deze ideeën zijn helemaal verkeerd. Als je geen schoonheid kunt waarnemen, hetzij in de natuur, hetzij in de mens, dan heb je een onvolledige of gesluierde visie. Om werkelijke schoonheid te kennen moet de ziel worden gereinigd van onzuiverheden, van de drang tot genieten. Met de ziel wordt hier de psyche bedoeld, de astraal-mentale entiteit, en niet de geestelijke, spirituele ziel die niets in haar aard toelaat dat vreemd is aan haar natuur. Belangstelling zorgt voor aandacht, zoals we weten. Als we geïnteresseerd zijn, doen we dingen gemakkelijk. Omgekeerd geeft aandacht aanvankelijk ook belangstelling, en opent de weg naar inzicht. Wanneer we het woord inzicht gebruiken, hoever reikt dat begrip dan? Het moet theoretisch van toepassing zijn op alle aspecten van het bestaan. Wanneer je visie ontdaan is van blokkades en sluiers, wie weet welke openbaringen zich dan aan je voor zullen doen. Boeddhistische monniken denken, voor zover ik weet, niet in termen van schoonheid, maar niettemin is het een belangrijk aspect van leven, zoals Krishnamurti vaak aangeeft. Constante aandacht zou geen moeite kosten als deze eenmaal een gewoonte wordt, te beginnen met zaken die dichtbij zijn, kleine dingen. Het wordt de basis van zelfdiscipline, zoals kolonel Olcott aangeeft, een discipline die niet rigide is, niet nonchalant of laks, maar ook niet pretentieus, of als zodanig benoemd. Je neemt waar, je leert en handelt intelligent en vermijdt de slechte dingen die moeten worden vernietigd, zoals die in de Sutta, de tekst, [noot 2] worden genoemd, zoals bijvoorbeeld hebzucht, boosheid en misleiding.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In een toestand van mindfulness kun je een toestand van hebzucht, of een andere slechte eigenschap, laten we zeggen jaloezie, in jezelf waarnemen. Hoe kan iets nu worden uitgedreven door het puur alleen maar onder ogen te zien? Je kunt de aard ervan waarnemen, hoe het zich gedraagt, en dat is deel van het heldere begrijpen dat naar voren komt bij het onbeperkt ergens aandacht aan geven. Je kunt alles waarnemen wat eraan kan worden waargenomen. Als je iets lelijks ziet zal het je niet opvallen als lelijk, tenzij er een idee bestaat van iets anders wat je als mooi benoemt. De Sutta over aandacht [noot 2] zegt: Hoe overpeinst de monnik (de werking van) de geest in de geest? Hij begrijpt de geest die passie heeft, en die welke het niet heeft, enzovoorts, enzovoorts. Met andere woorden, hij ziet de wolk aan de hemel, en neemt waar dat de wolk niet de hemel is. Dat wil zeggen de activiteiten van de geest en de toestand die ze creëren zijn in essentie niet gelijk aan de geest in zijn normale toestand. Dit is het onderscheid tussen het werkelijke en het onwerkelijke, het onveranderlijke en het veranderlijke.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wanneer de geest niet alleen de vormen van de dingen weerspiegelt, maar het schone kent als schoon en het goede als goed, dan is die kennis de onthulling van een subjectieve diepte op zichzelf, een diepte in de kwaliteit van het kennen. Waaruit bestaat goedheid? Voor iemand de mens met weinig diepgang is dit net zo betwistbaar als een begrip als schoonheid Er is echter een toets voor goedheid en schoonheid in de ware aard van de mens, wanneer die is teruggebracht tot zijn zuivere en oorspronkelijke toestand, ontdaan van alles wat later gevormd is, zonder alle latere complicaties. Met andere woorden is het een aard die niet gevormd is door begeerte, die de dingen kan zien zoals ze zijn. Een dergelijke aard heeft een intuïtie van goedheid, schoonheid en waarheid. Ware intuïtie kan niet worden gekweekt of afgedwongen. Intuïtie niet iets wat verschijnt als een duveltje uit een doosje.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Waarom zijn hebzucht, boosheid en misleiding gekozen als de drie belangrijkste vormen van kwaad? Ze zijn nadelig in een meer fundamentele zin. Wat is hebzucht? Het bestaat uit steeds meer willen, de drang tot genieten, dingen ervaren en zich toe-eigenen. Steeds meer willen veroorzaakt in de psyche een soort sifon-effect: de psyche wil meer drinken, meer eten, andere lichamelijke gewaarwordingen, lof, zich belangrijk voelen, bezittingen, plezieren veiligheid. Er zijn ontelbare sensaties waardoor de geest gevangen en vastgehouden wordt. In die opzicht is ambitie eveneens gebaseerd op hebzucht. Je kunt de ambitie hebben om als een dictator of koning te regeren. De gewaarwording van gekroond en gezalfd worden, boven alle anderen te worden geplaatst, door iedereen in de omgeving te worden geëerd, het gevoel dat jouw wil onmiddellijk door anderen zal worden gehoorzaamd, is dat niet de ondergrond van die specifieke ambitie? Elke gretigheid naar genot wordt een vorm van hebzucht. Een hond eet met hebzucht, schrokkend. Waardoor wordt dit veroorzaakt? Het is het genot van de sensatie van het eten, in oosterse landen waar honden vaak worden verwaarloosd mogelijkerwijs aangewakkerd door honger. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Boosheid staat voor verschillende vormen van afkeer en afstoten, tot en met de wens tot vernietigen. Er bestaat ook angst die een vorm van afkeer is, een oorzaak van lijden, een factor in de groei van andere soorten van kwaad, haat, voorwendsels, leugens enzovoorts. Je kunt iemand waar je bang voor bent niet werkelijk liefhebben. Volmaakte liefde verdrijft de angst. Wanneer je voor jezelf niets wilt, en alle liefde voor het leven en comfort  hebt gedood, zoals Licht op het Pad [noot 8] zegt, dan kun je geen spoor van angst hebben. Je misleidt jezelf als je dit alles niet in jezelf waarneemt, en dat creëert een heel verkeerd idee over jezelf.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wanneer je observeert en intelligent handelt, verwerf je vrijheid van de neiging om je gewoontegroeven op welk gebied dan ook te volgen: je oordeelt fris en handelt dienovereenkomstig. Je conformeert je innerlijk niet aan allerlei uiterlijke regels, maar je conformeert je sociaal of naar buiten toe in die mate die je zelf als juist beoordeelt. Aan de voeten van de meester legt de besturing van de geest als een verplichte opgaaf voor, maar hoe kun je de geest besturen? De geest kan worden bestuurd door aandacht en door begrijpen, niet door middel van wilskracht. Die sturing komt op een natuurlijke manier, als de intentie oprecht is. Hoewel je iemand anders niet oprecht kan maken, kun je hem hem wel helpen om de waarheid te zien.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Juiste aandacht of mindfulness, en ook juiste meditatie, duidt op die bewustzijnstoestand die voorbij het denken gaat, waar geen denken meer is, en ook dat zal op een natuurlijke manier ontstaan.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
De vraag wordt weleens gesteld: ‘Hoe helpt een negatieve toestand anderen, naast het feit dat hij jou helpt?’ Hij helpt jou omdat het betekent dat er vrede is in jezelf, dat het je waarneming verbetert. Moeten we dan niet handelen? Het antwoord op deze vraag is: Jawel, maar datgene wat we handelen noemen komt grotendeels vanuit de oppervlakte van onze aard, vanuit een beperkte waarneming, vaak vanuit een toestand van verwarring, onzekerheid en verstoordheid. Als deze toestand tot wordt beëindigd, dan zal het handelen daarna voortkomen vanuit een toestand van volledig begrip, diepte en rust. Het handelen dat voortkomt uit die toestand zal grotere betekenis hebben. Die toestand is negatief gezien vanuit ons huidige standpunt, maar positief in meer fundamentele zin. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Leven is handelen op elk gebied, maar de handeling die in ons plaatsvindt komt grotendeels voort uit ingewortelde ideeën, via het filter van het geheugen. Er bestaat echter de mogelijkheid om te handelen vanuit een basis die ontdaan is van deze hindernissen. Dat is wat wordt bedoeld met de geest negatief, of ontvankelijk maken, leeg, enzovoorts. Deze negatieve toestand is niet een toestand waarin het leven ophoudt met stromen. Integendeel, het is de grond, de bedding vanwaaruit het koelste en zuiverste levenswater stroomt. De ene energie, die leven is, zoals dat vloeit vanuit zijn onbekende bron, stroomt misschien door, of wordt gekarakteriseerd door (hoe wij dat dan ook kunnen beschouwen) een bewustzijnstoestand die lijkt op een buitengewone meditatie. Dit wordt symbolisch weergegeven in de Indiase legende over het zuivere water van de hemelse Ganga dat wordt ontvangen op het hoofd van Shiva, de grote yogi die altijd in meditatie is. Het water stroomt naar beneden en naar buiten, de wereld in. Shiva staat voor een toestand van bewustzijn die absoluut smetteloos en in rust is. In die staat dient een ander soort waarneming zich aan, aangeduid als ‘het derde oog’. Het derde oog opent zich en begint waar te nemen. Het ziet alle dingen in de hemel en op aarde, ook de dingen ‘waarvan onze filosofie zelfs niet durft te dromen’.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;Noten bij de vertaling&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1.	Veel woorden met hoofdletters, zoals Path, Light, Life enzovoort, zijn aangepast naar kleine letters waar dat geen verschil in de betekenis oplevert. Daarmee wordt zoveel mogelijk de officiële spelling van de Nederlandse taal toegepast.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
2.	Het begrip ‘mindfulness’ wordt in dit artikel gebruikt in de zin die nu, vijfenveertig jaar later, algemeen gangbaar is geworden. Dit begrip, sati, gaat terug op de Sati­pattha­na­sutta, een sutta (sutra) uit de Pali Canon van het hinayana boeddhisme. &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
3.	Pali is een volkstaal die zich ontwikkeld heeft uit het Sanskriet. Diakritische tekens bij de Pali- en Sanskriet-woorden zijn weggelaten. In het origineel waren die slechts deels toegepast.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
4.	Olcott, Henry S., A Buddhist Catechism, ‘Burma Herald’ Steam Press, Rangoon, 1886. De vertaling van termen volgt hier niet het oorspronkelijke boekje, maar het artikel van Sri Ram. NB Dit boek is in het Nederlands uitgegeven door de UTVN onder de titel De Boeddhistische Catechismus. &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
5.	Het woord ‘vereiste’: in het Pali anga, wat kenmerk of gedeelte betekent. &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
6.	Het Engelse woord ‘mind’ is in dit artikel steeds met ‘geest’ vertaald. Een andere mogelijkheid zou zijn ‘denkvermogen’, zoals in veel vertalingen van theosofische werken. &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
7.	Alcyone [Krishnamurti, J.], At the Feet of the Master, Theosophist Office, Adyar (Madras), 1910 &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
8.	Collins, M., Light on the Path, Aryan Theosophical Society, New York, 1885 &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Krishnamurti&amp;diff=1410</id>
		<title>Krishnamurti</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Krishnamurti&amp;diff=1410"/>
		<updated>2026-06-25T15:44:08Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;width: 70%; padding: 20px; background-color: white; border: 1px solid #b0b0b0;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;H2 style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Krishnamurti&#039;s &#039;keuzeloos gewaarzijn&#039; en de plaats van dit begrip in het wereldbeeld van Annie Besant en Charles W. Leadbeater &amp;lt;/h2&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Door Ingmar de Boer - dit artikel is eerder gepubliceerd in Theosofia, jg. 122 nr. 2 (juni 2021)&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;Inleiding&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Het begrip &#039;keuzeloos gewaarzijn&#039;, &#039;choiceless awareness&#039;, vormt de kern van het denken van Jiddu Krishnamurti. In het nu volgende artikel wil ik dit begrip graag verder uitlichten. [1] De bredere probleemstelling achter dit artikel is: kunnen we precies dit thema van &#039;keuzeloos gewaarzijn&#039; elders terugvinden in het theosofisch gedachtegoed? Het wereldbeeld van Annie Besant en Charles Webster Leadbeater fungeert in het algemeen vaak als het gedachtegoed van de Theosophical Society (Adyar), hoewel we ons daarvan soms niet zozeer bewust zijn. Hun ideeën woorden door veel theosofen als referentiekader gebruikt. Verder was hun terminologie gangbaar in de omgeving waar Krishnamurti opgroeide, en een beschouwing vanuit deze invalshoek kan daardoor wellicht extra interessant zijn. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Een uitgebreide bespreking van het begrip &#039;keuzeloos gewaarzijn&#039; is te vinden in het in september 2017 in Theosofia gepubliceerde artikel van Nilakantha Sri Ram, &amp;quot;To Be a Lamp Unto Oneself&amp;quot;, vertaald als &amp;quot;Een lamp te zijn voor jezelf: de praktijk van mindfulness&amp;quot;. [2] Dit huidige artikel is te beschouwen als een vervolg daarop.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;Invloed van Besant en Leadbeater&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Het theosofische wereldbeeld van Besant en Leadbeater is grotendeels identiek met dat van Helena Petrovna Blavatsky, maar is op specifieke terreinen verder uitgebouwd. Zij herformuleren met name de door Blavatsky in &amp;quot;De Geheime Leer&amp;quot; neergelegde esoterische filosofie in nieuwe, vaak eenvoudiger termen, waardoor het theosofisch gedachtegoed voor een groter publiek werd ontsloten. Dit was ongetwijfeld één van de oorzaken van de sterke groei van de Vereniging onder het voorzitterschap van Besant. De populariteit van Krishnamurti als &#039;wereldleraar&#039; was overigens in die tijd een nog belangrijker oorzaak van die groei.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Op zijn beurt is Krishnamurti stevig geworteld in het theosofisch gedachtegoed. In het jeugdwerk &amp;quot;At the Feet of the Master&amp;quot; geeft hij blijk van een scherp inzicht in de meest essentiële ideeën. Anderzijds is bekend dat Besant en Leadbeater hebben willen vermijden hem tijdens de voorbereiding op zijn latere taak als leraar te belasten met hun eigen visie op de verschillende theosofische onderwerpen. Later heeft Krishnamurti zich geheel ontdaan van het gebruik van theosofische termen en vermijdt hij ook referenties naar bijvoorbeeld religieuze geschriften of autoriteiten. Dit stemt overeen met de integriteit die hij als &#039;speaker&#039; had, en de onmogelijkheid zich op iets anders dan de actualiteit, de wijsheid van het hier en nu, te baseren. Het opheffen van de Orde van de Ster in 1929 is hierin een beslissend moment. Vanaf dat moment is hij alleen nog trouw verschuldigd aan zijn innerlijke aard, en betreedt hij definitief &#039;het land zonder paden&#039;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Het zou daarom niet juist zijn als we bij de zoektocht die we ondernemen als vanzelfsprekend zouden aannemen dat er sprake is van rechtstreekse beïnvloeding van Besant en Leadbeater op de latere Krishnamurti. Wel is het ongetwijfeld interessant te zien hoe de twee denkwerelden overeenkomen en in elkaar grijpen.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;De evolutie van leven en vorm&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We kunnen hier beginnen met een schets te geven van het Besant-Leadbeater wereldbeeld, waarin we geleidelijk aansluiting zullen vinden bij het begrippenkader van Krishnamurti. [3] Deze schets kan uiteraard ook dienen als recapitulatie van de belangrijkste theosofische begrippen in hun onderlinge samenhang.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
De rode draad in het Besant-Leadbeater wereldbeeld is een model van de evolutie van de mens (maar ook van alle andere wezens), waarin de toename van bewustzijn en het uiteindelijk verwerven van volledig zelfbewustzijn centraal staat. Deze groei in bewustzijn vindt plaats door het opdoen van ervaringen met de materie op verschillende gebieden van het universum.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ervaringen worden opgedaan via organen die daartoe worden gevormd in de materie van het betreffende gebied. De evoluerende entiteit moet dus in staat zijn de materie van het gebied te vervormen. In Blavatsky&#039;s werk &amp;quot;De Geheime Leer&amp;quot; heeft de materie zelf als fundamentele eigenschap dat ze plastisch is. Omdat in de &amp;quot;De Geheime Leer&amp;quot; geen onderscheid wordt gemaakt tussen levende en dode materie, is elke eenheid die zich ontwikkelt een levend wezen, een entiteit, waarvan de essentie een monade is, een geestelijke eenheid. Met behulp van fohat, de instantie die alle vormen van fysieke interactie (de natuurkundige krachten) in zich verenigt, kan de materie van vorm veranderen. Fohat staat in dienst van, of wordt uitgezonden door, het ordenende principe in de kosmos (God, de Logos), en heeft op elk van de gebieden van het universum afgevaardigden die hun werk doen, elk op hun specifieke niveau van organisatie.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hierdoor is het inwonend leven, de entiteit of monade zelf, in staat een bestuurbare en verder in meer of mindere mate geautomatiseerde vorm te scheppen uit de materie, een voertuig met daarin organen die in contact staan met het gebied waarop ontwikkeling zich met name afspeelt, met de mogelijkheid zich op dat gebied voort te bewegen en materie van het gebied te gebruiken ten dienste van zichzelf, of andere entiteiten.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Gebruikmakend van de plasticiteit van de materie kan met hulp van ons denkvermogen (manas) bijvoorbeeld informatie worden opgeslagen. Krishnamurti noemt het hersenweefsel vaak &#039;the brain&#039;, het brein, het breinverstand, terwijl hij het denkvermogen meestal &#039;mind&#039; noemt. Ons hersenweefsel is een voorbeeld van gespecialiseerde materie die bijzonder geschikt is geworden om informatie te kunnen vasthouden. De in de hersenen opgeslagen informatie kan worden &#039;herinnerd&#039;, bijvoorbeeld opnieuw verbeeld voor ons geestesoog. Dit &#039;geestesoog&#039; is een functie van het denkvermogen. Daardoor kunnen wij (lees: onze monaden) leren, in dit geval door het accumuleren van representaties van waargenomen feiten. Het leren met behulp van de hersenen kan worden gezien als een specifieke vorm van het door herhaling automatiseren van lichamelijke processen. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;Groei in bewustzijn&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Het verwerven van zelfbewustzijn is een proces waarbij leven (de entiteit) en vorm (materie) noodzakelijk betrokken zijn. Het zelfbewustzijn van de entiteit is in het proces van evolutie de resultante, maar ook het einddoel, en het &#039;zingevende element&#039;. De term bewustzijn wordt in dit verband gebruikt om het veranderende aspect aan te duiden dat groeit door de interactie van het inwonend leven met de omgeving op het betreffende gebied, via de in de loop van de evoluie ontwikkelde voertuigen met hun organen.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Aan het allereerste begin van de cyclus van incarnaties (een manvantara), worden de entiteiten geconfronteerd met de materie van een (zeer ijl) gebied en hebben ze nog geen enkel zelfbewustzijn. Ze hebben een sluimerend bewustzijn dat zich gedurende de cyclus zal gaan ontwikkelen. De fundamentele drieslag van 1. leven, 2. bewustzijn en 3. vorm kunnen we in de mens zien als de bekende drieslag van 1. geest, 2. ziel en 3. lichaam. Dit model van de mens wordt overigens vaak toegeschreven aan Plato, en ook in de Bijbel vinden we het terug, in de brieven van Paulus. De mens als bewust wezen is zijn ziel (de psyche), die zich bevindt in het spanningsveld tussen geest en lichaam. In het algemene model van de ziel vinden we dan ook krachten, motieven, die het inwonend leven en de vorm waarmee het verbonden is, vertegenwoordigen in het veld van de psyche. Vaak spreken we over instincten als het gaat om de krachten die het belang van het lichaam vertegenwoordigen in de ziel. Zij vertegenwoordigen het geautomatiseerde deel van de mens in de ziel. Dit deel van de mens is alleen veranderbaar door oefening, dat wil zeggen herhaling, oftewel evolutie. Als het gaat om de krachten die het inwonend leven vertegenwoordigen in de ziel, gebruiken we daarvoor het woord intuïtie in plaats van het woord instinct. Deze krachten stellen het inwonend leven in staat de vorm te vervormen en zijn in die zin &#039;creatieve&#039; krachten.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Verder is er blijkbaar in de ziel ook een instantie die dient als aangrijpingspunt voor deze krachten, en waartegen we ik zeggen, bijvoorbeeld als we zeggen &#039;ik heb honger&#039;. Door de bijzondere aard van het bewustzijn kunnen we als mens keuzes maken, en zijn we niet zonder meer overgeleverd aan de krachten die van &#039;boven&#039; en &#039;beneden&#039; aan ons trekken. Dit ik is daarmee zelf ook een kracht die opereert in het veld van de ziel. Deze kracht is eveneens onderdeel van het denkvermogen, dat wat Krishnamurti &#039;mind&#039; noemt.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;Fasen van ontwikkeling&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In de &#039;evolutie van leven en vorm&#039; worden verschillende fasen onderscheiden, bijvoorbeeld een fase 1. waarin het inwonend leven nog niet of nauwelijks grip heeft op de vorm waarin hij als het ware gevangen zit, en groeit naar een fase 2. waarin het inwonend leven zich met de vorm leert verstaan en waarnemingsorganen en uitdrukkingsmogelijkheden ontwikkelt, en traint tot fase 3. waar de vorm zodanig onder controle staat van de entiteit dat de ontwikkeling in het teken komt te staan van de interactie met de buitenwereld. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Deze drie fasen worden in de &amp;quot;Bhagavad Gita&amp;quot; beschreven als 1. moha, misleiding, onwetendheid, 2. pravritti, tevoorschijn komen, werkzaamheid, en 3. prakasha, licht, openbaring, en worden gekoppeld aan de drie kwaliteiten (guna&#039;s) van de materie: tamas (inertie), rajas (passie) en sattva (evenwicht). [4] Ze worden door Besant gerelateerd aan de drie aspecten van het goddelijke: iccha (wil), kriya (werkzaamheid) en jnana (wijsheid). [5] Verder liggen ze in het verlengde van de drie uitstortingen van de logos: de derde logos zorgt allereerst voor de materie waarmee de entiteit kan werken, de tweede logos beheerst het bouwen van een geschikte vorm, en de eerste logos beheerst het uiteindelijke verkrijgen van zelfbewustzijn. [6]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Volgens de tekst van de &amp;quot;Bhagavad Gita&amp;quot; dienen we echter uiteindelijk de gehechtheid aan elk van de drie kwaliteiten op te geven. [7] In vers 14.22 zegt Krishna in reactie op de vraag van Arjuna wat de kenmerken zijn van iemand die de drie kwaliteiten heeft overstegen: &#039;Hij die noch de 1. openbaring (prakasha) haat, noch 2. het tevoorschijn komen (pravritti), en zelfs niet 3. de onwetendheid (moha), O zoon van Pandu, wanneer deze aanwezig zijn, en ook niet naar hen verlangt als ze afwezig zijn.&#039; [8] Deze non-identificatie of disidentificatie, het niet-hechten, is in de Gita het belangrijkste handelingsvoorschrift waarmee het lijden in de wereld kan worden opgeheven of overwonnen. [9] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;Zelfbewustzijn&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We hebben echter eerder al gezien dat het uiteindelijke doel van de evolutie in het model van Besant en Leadbeater niet het opheffen van het lijden is, zoals bijvoorbeeld in de verschillende vormen van  boeddhisme, maar het verwerven van zelfbewustzijn. Als alleen non-identificatie of ongehechtheid het doel van de evolutie was geweest, zou er wellicht geen evolutie nodig zijn geweest, want dit kan op andere, minder langdurige manieren worden bereikt. Op één of andere wijze speelt identificatie echter een belangrijke rol in het bewustworden zelf. Als de entiteit &#039;wordt verbonden met een vorm&#039;, zoals hierboven is gezegd, is er wellicht in het begin nog weinig sprake van gehechtheid, maar gaandeweg het proces van evolutie, als er organen van waarneming en handeling worden gevormd en het voertuig gaat dienen als instrument van het inwonend leven, wordt de essentie van bewustwording het hechten aan, en onthechten van, de vorm. In de eerste plaats gaat het dan om hechten aan en onthechten van het voertuig op het gebied waar de ontwikkeling op gefocust is, maar in tweede instantie ook om personen en (andere) objecten in de buitenwereld. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Hoe ervaart de entiteit nu wat het filosofische object in diepste zin voor hem betekent? Dat realiseert hij alleen door zich met het object te identificeren en dan weer los te laten, of soms los te moeten laten. In laatste instantie verwerft de entiteit die mate van inzicht waardoor hij volledig kan begrijpen wat de functie is van de objecten en krachten in het universum, en kan hij ook zijn eigen positie in het universum volledig overzien. Hij is zich dan volledig bewust van zijn goddelijke oorsprong. Hij is wat betreft zijn bewustzijn aan God gelijk of, met een ander woord, &#039;zelfbewust&#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;Onthechting&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Daarmee is identificatie één van de belangrijkste functies in het Besant-Leadbeater universum. Een entiteit kan zich aanvankelijk nog niet bewust zijn los van de dingen die hij buiten zich waarneemt, en verliest zich daarom in eerste instantie in het object. Hij denkt tijdelijk dat hij zelf het object is, uiteraard met de nodige gevolgen. Ervaring opdoen betekent dan een soort elementaire vergelijkingsoperatie ondergaan, met als resultante de realisering &#039;ik ben niet het andere&#039;. Dit principe is neergelegd in één van de &#039;grote uitspraken&#039; in het hindoeïsme, aham etat na, &#039;ik ben dat niet&#039;. [10] De onthechting die uitgedrukt wordt in deze mantra leidt tot een toestand die   identiek is met Krishnamurti&#039;s &#039;keuzeloos gewaarzijn&#039;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
De constante factor in het proces van onthechting is het subject zelf, het ik dat zichzelf losmaakt, of dat uiteindelijk los is, van de verschillende objecten van waarneming die zich aan hem presenteren. Krishnamurti noemt deze instantie echter niet het &#039;ik&#039;. Hij reserveert dat begrip voor het complex van gegevens opgeslagen in ons hersenweefsel dat we zien als de verzameling betrekkelijk onveranderlijke attributen van onszelf. &#039;Ego&#039; is een ander woord dat hij hiervoor vaak gebruikt.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;De &#039;geheel nieuwe&#039; ervaring&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Er zijn meerdere momenten waarop Krishnamurti zijn publiek vraagt &#039;Kun je kijken naar een boom alsof het de eerste keer is?&#039;. Bij één van die gelegenheden zegt hij het volgende:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Kan het denkvermogen zich bewust zijn van zijn conditionering, kan het ernaar kijken zonder enige vervorming, zonder vooringenomenheid? Dat is het probleem. Is het mogelijk naar iets te kijken, een boom, een wolk, een bloem, een kind, het gezicht van een vrouw of man, alsof je er voor de eerste keer naar kijkt? Dat is werkelijk het kernpunt [van] werkelijke vrijheid van kijken. En vrijheid betekent vrij zijn van de gehele diepte van het verleden. Het verleden is de cultuur waarin we zij opgegroeid, de sociale, economische invloeden, de bijzondere neigingen van elk van ons, de impulsen, de religieuze dogma&#039;s, opvattingen, dat is allemaal het verleden; met dat verleden proberen we naar onszelf te kijken, maar dat verleden zijn wij zelf.&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [11]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In het artikel &amp;quot;To Be a Lamp Unto Oneself&amp;quot; van Sri Ram [12] dat handelt over mindfulness, of &#039;juiste aandacht&#039;, wordt dit begrip op drie verschillende manieren aangeduid. De toestand van mindfulness wordt vergeleken met de toestand:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ol&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;voorafgaand aan de eerste ervaring met het voorwerp van waarneming: als we iets voor het eerst waarnemen hebben we nog geen herinnering aan eerdere ervaringen die de helderheid van onze blik zouden kunnen belemmeren,&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;voorafgaand aan elke ervaring in deze incarnatie: als een kind geboren wordt heeft hij in dit leven nog niets meegemaakt dat de helderheid van zijn blik zou kunnen belemmeren, en&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;li&amp;gt;voorafgaand aan elke ervaring in alle incarnaties: op het moment van allereerste incarnatie van de entiteit heeft deze nog geen ervaring opgedaan die de helderheid van zijn waarneming negatief zou kunnen beïnvloeden.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/ol&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Wanneer het mogelijk is een voorwerp te zien alsof je het voor het eerst ziet, blijft de mogelijkheid bestaan dat we bij het volgende voorwerp dat we tegenkomen toch niet geheel vrij kunnen zijn. Het kan blijken dat er nog herinneringen zijn die tussen dit voorwerp en de waarnemer in kunnen staan. Als dat probleem helemaal opgelost zou zijn, en we in staat zouden zijn als een pasgeborene naar de wereld te kijken, zou er onvrijheid kunnen blijven bestaan die voortkomt uit &#039;herinneringen&#039; uit vorige levens. De grootst mogelijke vrijheid zou dan betekenen, dat we waarnemen vanuit het perspectief van het hoger zelf, of atman. In grote trekken zien we in het artikel van Sri Ram een beschrijving van een proces dat we zouden kunnen beschrijven als het steeds verder &#039;terugtreden van het ik&#039;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;Het terugtreden van het ik&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Het filosofische subject is, zoals het woord al aankondigt, een subjectieve waarnemer, en is daarom niet die heldere waarnemer die in staat is waar te nemen zonder tussenvoeging van &#039;subjectieve elementen&#039;. We kunnen daarbij denken aan Patañjali&#039;s definitie van yoga in vers I.2 van de &amp;quot;Yoga Sutra&#039;s&amp;quot;, vrij vertaald: &#039;yoga is het verdwijnen van de wijzigingen die het denkvermogen ondergaat door de invloed van de waarnemer zelf in het proces van waarneming&#039;. Tijdelijk kan het subject helemaal helder zijn, tot het zich in nieuwe omstandigheden weer verliest in de waarneming, en zich opnieuw identificeert met het object. De toestand van mindfulness is daarom niet dezelfde als die van een &#039;zelfgerealiseerd&#039; mens. Steeds dienen zich nieuwe objecten aan waarmee opnieuw het &#039;ik ben dat niet&#039; bevestigd wordt. Die objecten bevinden zich aanvankelijk op het fysiek gebied, maar ook op andere gebieden krijgt het ik weer nieuwe ervaringen, zodat hij in elke situatie kan zeggen, &#039;ik ben mijn lichamelijke ervaringen niet&#039;, &#039;ik ben mijn gevoelens niet&#039;, &#039;ik ben mijn gedachten niet&#039;, etc., en met elk van deze stappen groeit de mens in zelfbewustzijn. Het steeds opnieuw terugtreden van het ik leidt hem naar een toestand waarbij hij één wordt met het allerhoogste. Deze toestand is de enige toestand waarin het ik een geheel onvervormd beeld heeft van de wereld, en geheel onthecht is van alle objecten. Het ik in deze toestand wordt door de theosoof en filosoof J.J. Poortman het &#039;kennistheoretische subject&#039; genoemd, omdat het ik dan in de enige toestand is waarin werkelijk objectieve kennis mogelijk is, zonder enige invloed van het subjectieve. In theosofische termen is deze instantie de atman, het &#039;hoger zelf&#039;. [13]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;Samenvattend&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Gezien in het kader van het theosofische wereldbeeld is keuzeloos gewaarzijn een oplossing voor een universeel probleem, namelijk dat van de entiteit die zich in een bepaalde fase van evolutie weer losmaakt van de gehechtheid aan de materie die hij eerder heeft ontwikkeld. In de twee voorafgaande evolutiefasen is de entiteit sterk verbonden geraakt met de materie. De automatisering van processen is van groot belang geweest in de ontwikkeling van zijn voertuigen in de evolutie van leven en vorm. De erfenis van deze ontwikkelingsfase speelt hem echter parten, nu het accent komt te liggen op de groei van het bewustzijn.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Het begrip &#039;keuzeloos gewaarzijn&#039; geeft een toestand aan die voorkomt in belangrijke geschriften van hindoeïsme en boeddhisme, al voor het begin van de westerse jaartelling. In die religies is deze toestand ingebed in een proces dat leidt naar bevrijding van de mens, zoals ook bij Krishnamurti. Dat proces en de levensbeschouwing die daarbij hoort is ouder dan deze twee religies zelf, vertelt ons de wetenschap op dit gebied. Vanuit een theosofisch gezichtspunt is een dergelijke levensbeschouwing echter niet specifiek voor een bepaalde tijd en plaats, maar heeft een universeel karakter. Op dit terrein - dat van de universele eeuwige wijsheid die niet anders kan zijn dan authentiek - beweegt zich ook het denken van Krishnamurti.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ten slotte: één van de meeste bekende boeddhistische soetra&#039;s over mindfulness is de Satipatthanasutta, de soetra (sutta) van het ontwikkelen (patthana) van mindfulness (sati) of &#039;juiste aandacht&#039;. [14] De meest fundamentele passage over mindfulness laat zien dat deze &#039;juiste aandacht&#039; de geestelijke houding van non-identificatie is, de &#039;beoefening&#039; van de toestand van keuzeloos gewaarzijn:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Hij [de monnik] overpeinst de oorzaken van het tot stand komen van mentale voorwerpen, of de oorzaken van het oplossen van mentale voorwerpen, of de oorzaken van het tot stand komen en weer oplossen van mentale voorwerpen. Of zijn mindfulness komt tot stand met de gedachte &#039;mentale voorwerpen bestaan&#039;, alleen voorzover dit nodig is voor kennis en mindfulness, en hij leeft ongehecht, en hecht zich aan niets in de wereld.&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [15] &amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;width: 70%; padding: 20px; background-color: white; border: 0px solid #b0b0b0;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;Noten&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1.	Het begrip &#039;choiceless awareness&#039;, vinden we in vele verschillende vormen terug in veel van Krishnamurti&#039;s teachings. In de reeks talks &amp;quot;Beyond Myth and Tradition&amp;quot; uit 1997 is deel 5 geheel gewijd aan &#039;choiceless awareness&#039;. In &amp;quot;The Collected Works of J. Krishnamurti&amp;quot; is deel V (1948-1949), getiteld &amp;quot;Choiceless Awareness&amp;quot;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
2.	Nilakantha Sri Ram, &amp;quot;To Be a Lamp Unto Oneself&amp;quot;, in The Theosophist, Vol. XCIV blz. 141-149 (December 1972), vertaald als &amp;quot;Een lamp te zijn voor jezelf: de praktijk van mindfulness&amp;quot; in Theosofia jg. 118 nr. 3 (September 2017)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
3.	Het wereldbeeld van Besant en Leadbeater wordt hier beschreven zonder steeds te verwijzen naar de relevante werken van deze auteurs. De tekst van dit artikel is op dit punt een weergave van de basisstructuur van het wereldbeeld. De essentiële vaktermen (die vaak later in de tekst weer terugkomen) zijn vet weergegeven. Soms wordt gebruik gemaakt van het werk van andere auteurs, waaronder Bhagavan Das, waardoor enkele kernpunten in meer detail kunnen worden belicht, zonder hiermee de consistentie van het geheel aan te tasten. Waar andere auteurs ten tonele komen is dat steeds in de tekst aangegeven, met boekgegevens in een noot.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
	Werken van Besant waarin dit wereldbeeld wordt uiteengezet, zijn wat meestal haar hoofdwerk wordt genoemd &amp;quot;The Ancient Wisdom&amp;quot;, met name in de eerste drie hoofdstukken: Besant, A., &amp;quot;De oude wijsheid&amp;quot;, Theosofische Uitgeversmaatschappij, Amsterdam, 1905, 3e druk, p. 1-73. Verder is &amp;quot;A Study on Consciousness&amp;quot; een bekend werk waarin het eerste deel (bestaande uit 12 hoofdstukken) vooral handelt over het wereldbeeld in brede zin: Besant, A. &amp;quot;Een studie over het bewustzijn&amp;quot;, Theosofische Uitgeversmaatschappij, Amsterdam, 1905, p. 1-272.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
4.	Bijvoorbeeld: Radhakrishnan, S., &amp;quot;The Bhagavadgita&amp;quot;, George Allen &amp;amp; Unwin, London, 1948, p. 322: &#039;The soul evolves through these three stages; it rises from dull inertia and subjection to ignorance, through the struggle for material enjoyments to the pursuit of knowledge and happiness. [...] The good man (sāttvika) should become a saint (triguṇāttīa). Until we reach that stage, we are only in the making; our evolution is incomplete.&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
5.	Over de analogie van de drie guṇa&#039;s met iccha (wil), kriya (werkzaamheid) en jnana (wijsheid): Das, B., &amp;quot;The Science of Peace&amp;quot;, Theosophical Publishing House, Adyar (Madras), 1921, 2e druk, p. 188-189, en Besant, A. , &amp;quot;An Introduction to the Science of Peace&amp;quot;, The Theosophist Office, Adyar, 1912, p. 64&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
6.	De drie &#039;uitstortingen&#039; (Engels: outpourings) worden onder andere beschreven in: Leadbeater, C.W., &amp;quot;De Mens, zichtbaar en onzichtbaar&amp;quot;, TVN, Amsterdam, 2009, 2e druk, p. 37-40 en p. 55-61&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
7.	Besant, A. en Das, B., &amp;quot;The Bhagavad-Gita&amp;quot;, Theosophical Publishing House, Adyar (Madras), 1926, 2e druk (De eerste druk is van 1905.) , p. 242-246 (verzen 14.19-27)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
8.	De vertaling is voor rekening van de auteur, en de nummering is door hem toegevoegd. Bhagavad Gīta vers 14.22 luidt, in de gangbare lezing: śrībhagavān uvāca | prakāśaṃ ca pravṛttiṃ ca moham eva ca pāṇḍava |na dveṣṭi saṃpravṛttāni na nivṛttāni kāṅkṣati || &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
9.	De &#039;Yoga van de non-identificatie met de drie kwaliteiten&#039; wordt genoemd &#039;guṇatrayavibhāgayoga&#039;, waar vibhāga staat voor het Engelse begrip &#039;separation&#039;, wat in context kan worden opgevat als non-identificatie, zoals bijvoorbeeld Mw. Keus doet in haar Nederlandse vertaling: Keus, C., &amp;quot;Bhagavad Gita&amp;quot;, Ankh-Hermes, Deventer, 1976, 3e druk.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
10.	Over het logion &#039;Aham etat na&#039;: Das, B., &amp;quot;The Science of Peace&amp;quot;, p. 102-113, en Besant, A. , &amp;quot;An Introduction to the Science of Peace&amp;quot;, p. 74-78&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
11.	J. Krishnamurti, &amp;quot;Talks and Dialogues Saanen 1968&amp;quot;, 4th Public Talk, 14th July 1968: &#039;Can the mind be aware of its conditioning, can it look at it without any distortion, without any bias? That is the problem. Is it possible to look at anything, the tree, the cloud, the flower, the child, the face of a woman or a man, as though you are looking at it for the first time? That is really the central issue real freedom to look. And freedom is to be free of the whole depth of the past. The past is the culture in which we have been brought up, the social, economic influences, the peculiar tendencies of each one of us, the impulses, the religious dogmas, beliefs, all of that is the past; and with that past we try to look at ourselves, yet we ourselves are that past.&#039; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
12.	Nilakantha Sri Ram, &amp;quot;To Be a Lamp Unto Oneself&amp;quot;, in The Theosophist, Vol. XCIV blz. 141-149 (December 1972), vertaald als &amp;quot;Een lamp te zijn voor jezelf: de praktijk van mindfulness&amp;quot; in Theosofia jg. 118 nr. 3 (September 2017)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
13.	Poortman, J.J., &amp;quot;Tweeërlei Subjectiviteit&amp;quot;, Tjeenk Willink, Haarlem, 1929&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
14.	De Sati­paṭṭhā­na­sutta is te vinden in de Majjhima Nikāya (de &#039;middellange uiteenzettingen&#039;), MN 10 in de Sutta Piṭaka in de Pāli Text Society editie van de Tipiṭaka.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
15.	Dit fragment is ontleend aan afdeling 4.1 van de Sati­paṭṭhā­na­sutta: [...] samuda­ya­dhammā­nu­passī vā dhammesu viharati, vaya­dham­mā­nu­passī vā dhammesu viharati, samuda­ya­va­ya­dham­mā­nu­passī vā dhammesu viharati. ‘Atthi dhammā’ti vā panassa sati paccupaṭṭhitā hoti. Yāvadeva ñāṇamattāya paṭis­sati­mattāya anissito ca viharati, na ca kiñci loke upādiyati. Vertaling naar de Engelse vertaling van Nyanasatta Thera: &#039;He lives contemplating origination factors in mental objects, or he lives contemplating dissolution factors in mental objects, or he lives contemplating origination-and-dissolution factors in mental objects. Or his mindfulness is established with the thought, &amp;quot;Mental objects exist,&amp;quot; to the extent necessary just for knowledge and mindfulness, and he lives detached, and clings to nothing in the world.&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Tree_of_Science&amp;diff=1409</id>
		<title>Tree of Science</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Tree_of_Science&amp;diff=1409"/>
		<updated>2026-06-25T15:43:21Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;width: 70%; padding: 20px; background-color: #f0f0f0; border: 1px solid #b0b0b0;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;H1 style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Asking &amp;quot;Why, why, why?&amp;quot; or The Tree of Science&amp;lt;/H1&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Ingmar de Boer, v. 3.1&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #ffffff; width: 100%;&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;padding: 20px;&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
* Download: [[Media:Tree_of_Science_-_3_-_1.pdf | Asking &amp;quot;Why, why, why?&amp;quot; or The Tree of Science ]]  [[File:Pdf3.gif]] &lt;br /&gt;
|} &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Richard Feynman explains to his student audience how they should go about integrating their newly acquired knowledge on quantum mechanics in the sixth of the 1964 series of lectures called the &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Messenger Lectures&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [1]. When he was asked in an interview how magnets attract or repel each other, he answers &amp;quot;they just do&amp;quot;. We could ask &amp;quot;why, why, why&amp;quot; ad infinitum without being satisfied, he says. On other occasions he defends the position that science is about knowledge, about being able to make accurate predictions, and not about understanding. I will argue here, that from a more general perspective, this idea about science is not in accordance with historical reality and will most likely not be in the future.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
If we take a look at the history of science, we can see that in essence the great advancements in science amounted to a better understanding of nature. Describing or modelling reality is only a part of the process of scientific discovery. Understanding may be seen as being able to describe phenomena in terms of a more general model, and that seems to (temporarily) satisfy our need for understanding the world around us. Explaining and understanding may be seen as two sides of the same coin. Science is almost never fully experimental, although some scientists proclaim it to be so. Generally, hypotheses are formulated using our understanding of what could be a better explanation than the one we already know, otherwise we would be condemned to blind guesswork, which would result in a very ineffective process of scientific discovery. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
One of the most well-known statements by Isaac Newton on this subject is made in the last scholium of the &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Principia&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; (in the third edition of 1726), where he says that he &amp;quot;does not think up hypotheses&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;Hypotheses non fingo&amp;quot;. Often it is thought that he meant by this, that hypotheses should be built upon observations, but, interestingly, that is in contrast to what Newton actually declares in the scholium. In the 1999 translation by Cohen and Whitman we find [2]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;I have not as yet been able to discover the reason for these properties of gravity from phenomena, and I do not feign hypotheses. For whatever is not deduced from the phenomena must be called a hypothesis; and hypotheses, whether metaphysical or physical, or based on occult qualities, or mechanical, have no place in experimental philosophy. In this philosophy particular propositions are inferred from the phenomena, and afterwards rendered general by induction.&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Apparently Newton is of the opinion that empirical research is done on the basis of deduction instead of guessing. What he calls hypothesis here, is indeed no more than a guess, as it is thought up without any logical connection to the phenomena involved. Feynman also remarks that having criticism of the old is easy, while creating the new is difficult. Of course at first glance it seems he is right, certainly from his perspective, where guessing is the only possible option left. On the other hand, Newton makes it look like it should be possible to directly deduce the new from the old.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We could take a look here at an example from the history of science, perhaps even the most significant example in the whole of its history, of the shift from the geocentric to the heliocentric worldview, as it was presented by Nicolaus Copernicus in his work &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;De revolutionibus orbium caelestium&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;. (On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres) How did he come up with his completely new view of the universe? First, perhaps we should acknowledge that the heliocentric world view was not completely new at the time. Copernicus had already studied several ancient Greek texts mentioning the heliocentric worldview texts. One of these texts was Claudius Ptolemy&#039;s &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Almagest&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;. In the days of Ptolemy however, heliocentrism was already a controversial point of view. Copernicus realised perfectly well how controversial his work would be in his day, and he chose wisely to arrange for the book to be published after his death. In his foreword he addressed Pope Paul III directly, explaining why he published it all the same, despite the controversy it would stir. In his foreword, his ideas are presented as a hypothesis, but in the chapters of the work itself, he shows that he is strongly convinced that the view he presents is the best explanation of the data which were at his disposal at the time.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
So how could Copernicus be so sure that the earth was not at the centre of the solar system, if it was not on the basis of a proven hypothesis? In &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;De revolutionibus&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; he gives two &amp;quot;facts&amp;quot; which are, as he formulates it, &amp;quot;enough to show&amp;quot; that the centre of all known (then circular) planetary orbits is the sun, and not the earth. His first argument is the &amp;quot;apparent nonuniform motion of the planets&amp;quot; while the second is that their distance from the earth varies significantly. Both these observations are inconsistent with the sun and the planets moving in concentric circles around the earth. At that time, there was no proper explanation for the retrograde movements of the planets, and it was unclear why the sun and moon did not show any retrograde movement. Also the differences between the movements of the inner and outer planets were not properly understood. He writes (English translation by Charles Glen Wallis [3]):&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;For [these outer planets] are always closest to the earth, as is well known, about the time of their evening rising, that is, when they are in opposition to the sun, with the earth between them and the sun. On the other hand, they are at their farthest from the earth at the time of their evening setting, when they become invisible in the vincinity of the sun, namely when we have the sun between them and the earth.&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 30px; margin-bottom: 30px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;gallery widths=300px heights=300px&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
File:Mars-Sun-geocentric.png &lt;br /&gt;
File:Mars-Sun-heliocentric.png &lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/gallery&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In the two figures above, we can see how Mars in the geocentric model always has more or less the same distance to the earth, while in the heliocentric model, the distance varies between the longest distance around the conjunction with the sun, and the shortest distance around the opposition, when Mars is in the middle of its retrograde movement. This behaviour can be explained by the heliocentric, but not with the geocentric model. There were enough data at his disposal, so that on the basis of these data Copernicus could deduce with great certainty that the heliocentric model was superior.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
However, at that time the predictive value of the heliocentric model did not surpass that of the Ptolemaean model: the results of its calculations were not particularly more accurate. Still, in our days we consider Copernicus&#039; work the epitome of revolutionary scientific achievement. To cut it short, its significance lies in our better understanding of, in this case, the solar system. So what does it actually mean that we understand something? Is it perhaps some esoteric or unscientifc principle at work?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Most people working in the area of natural science will be able to confirm that creating hypotheses is not just blind guesswork. Of course creating hypotheses is a complex process, but at least one clue to what may often be happening is actually given by Feynman himself, when he argues that one should not be using examples or analogies which explain a phenomenon in terms of something more commonly known to clarify physical phenomena, in particular in case of the &amp;quot;strange&amp;quot; phenomena of quantum mechanics. One of the ways science moves forward is that someone discovers that the model which is currently in use is wrong, often because it refers to known phenomena. We can think of many examples of this in the history of science, a simple one being the idea that objects only move when a force is exterted upon them, as for example Aristotle believed. Newton, in his First Law of Motion, states that objects without any force acting upon them will move with constant or zero velocity. The former idea has its origin in observing from a human perspective, living on the earth&#039;s surface, where objects are stopped by the earth when they are falling, or by its resistance when they are moving on its surface. This is often called an anthropocentric or humanocentric bias. Also in the case of Copernicus&#039; discoveries the same principle is at work, in a most exemplary way. We could systematically search our present-day models for this type of bias, and try to take a different, universal, viewpoint, and try to cleanse physics from this type of models, and also in modern times scientists have done so. Discovering the too narrow-minded worldviews of today obviously presupposes specific abilities, which may not be present in all of us, or may perhaps be developed over time, but exactly those abilities served as a key ingredient for the most significant discoveries in the history of science. An important part of the advancement of science is apparently the careful examination of existing models, perhaps from a philosophical therapeutical standpoint, or perhaps even a psychological one. Of course there are more types of bias we can examine to learn about weak spots in the current way of looking at things.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We can ask ourselves: how does science actually advance? Either by deduction or by hypothesis, what does it mean to better understand the world around us? We could think that perhaps explaining or understanding things leads to unification of models. If we are able to describe a phenomenon A in terms of phenomenon B, it makes a separate model of A superfluous, unifying the two models. This process eventually ends in a single &amp;quot;unified theory&amp;quot;. Such a theory can be described in two dimensions as a Venn-diagram of collections, containing—but never crossing—each other. In three dimensions we can describe it as a tree, where the final unified theory is represented by the trunk, and the most fundamental problems as large branches. Alternatively, such a tree may be seen as a model of the history of science, or a superstructure of different areas of science. In the following figure, the analogy is shown of a Venn-diagram of collections containing each other, and a tree diagram.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 30px; margin-bottom: 30px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Trees.png|border|550px]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Arbor_-_1.png|right|border|240px]] This idea has also been recognised by several of the earlier philosophers of science. For example, in 1297 the well-known Catalan philosopher and alchemist Ramon Llull, in his encyclopedic work &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;l&#039;Arbre de Ciència&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [4] already described the interconnections of different areas of knowledge as a tree structure. A few centuries later, Francis Bacon also compared the progression of science to a tree. In &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;The Advancement of Learning&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [5] (1605), and the enlarged Latin version of the same work &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;De augmentis scientiarum&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [5] (1623), the trunk representing the unified theory he calls the &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;philosophiae prima&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;, the primary philosophy, or the &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;summary&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; of philosophy.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Particularly in natural science, advancement is driven by explaining effects in terms of their causes. Empirical research generally tries to produce effects by setting up presumed causes, and if in a certain number of a series of experiments the desired effect is produced, the principle of induction is called upon, to declare that the presumed causes are indeed responsible for this effect. We may call this causal relation &amp;quot;proven&amp;quot;, or we may say that the phenomenon is &amp;quot;explained&amp;quot;. This basic process may also be characterised as &amp;quot;answering a why-question&amp;quot;: why does the phenomenon take place, or what causes it? What we call natural science is essentially formed by asking why-questions, perhaps not ad infinitum as Feynman suggests, but repeatedly and systematically.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Let us now return to Feynman&#039;s lecture. We have seen that at least one of the most important advances in science was decided by the criterium of having a better insight into the nature of things. Advancement is in this case primarily an advancement in understanding. They were not so much based on guessing hypotheses, as they were on trying to correctly model available data. Looking for explanations was the most important driving force, that is, asking the important why-questions. Now, has this all changed with the advent of quantum mechanics in the twentieth century? Is there something special going on in modern physics causing that our why-questions, our urge to understand things, are suddenly not good enough anymore? In the same series of lectures6, there is another well-known quote from Feynman, perhaps his most famous one, where he says &amp;quot;I think I can safely say that nobody understands quantum mechanics&amp;quot;. For him it is safe to say that, because as one of the greatest experts in the field he is well aware that quantum mechanics does not have a connection with a more abstract layer of knowledge, in terms of which it can be explained. It cannot be explained in terms of more familiar concepts, higher up in the tree of knowledge, but the &amp;quot;trunk&amp;quot; of physics, or a connection with any existing trunk, or &amp;quot;primary philosophy&amp;quot;, is still to be found.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Feynman, a Nobel-prize laureate, was indeed left with guessing hypotheses and was not able to deduce a new model from the available data or find a relevant bias to see through. His visible irritation with why-questions is a reflection of that, of his ambition, or his deep personal quest for the great answers.⏹&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;strong&amp;gt;Notes&amp;lt;/strong&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ol&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Videos of all seven Messenger Lectures held by Feynman at Cornell University in 1964 are to be found here: https://www.feynmanlectures.caltech.edu/messenger.html They were published as a book under the title The Character of Physical Law by British Broadcasting Corporation, 1965. My 2017 copy is by The MIT Press, and has ISBN 9780262533416.&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;In the 1999 translation of Newton&#039;s Principia Mathematica by Cohen and Whitman, published as The Principia, Oakland: University of California Press, we find this quote on p. 589, and in the 974 page edition on p. 943. &lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Nicolaus Copernicus (tr. C.G. Wallis), On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Chicago [etc.], [1955], p. 17-20. The Latin first edition is Nicolaus Copernicus, De revolutionibus omnium coelestium, Neurenberg: Johannes Petreius, 1543 ed., p. 7r-8v. &amp;quot;Constat enim propinquiores esse terrae semper circa vespertinum exortum, hoc est, quando Soli opponentur, mediante inter illos et Solem terra: remotissimus autem à terra occasu vespertino, quando circa Solem occultantur, dum videlicet inter eos atque terram Solem habemus.&amp;quot; The diagram of the retrograde motion of Mars is taken from Johannes Kepler, Astronomia Nova, 1st ed. 1609, p. 4&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Ramon Llull, Arbor Scientiae, [1297] The tree is from the 1635 Leiden edition by Ioannes Pillehotte.&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;Francis Bacon, The Advancement of Learning, 1605. The enlarged Latin version of the same work is De augmentis scientiarum, 1623. I used the Latin edition by Joannis Ravenstein, Amsterdam, 1662 (&amp;quot;Lib. IX&amp;quot;), where the fragment is to be found on pages 179-180.&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;In the sixth lecture at 8:10. In my book on page 129. (see note 1)&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/ol&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Contact&amp;diff=1408</id>
		<title>Contact</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Contact&amp;diff=1408"/>
		<updated>2026-06-25T15:41:56Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;script language=&amp;quot;Javascript&amp;quot; type=&amp;quot;text/javascript&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
function MailMe() {	         &lt;br /&gt;
  locationstring = &amp;quot;mailto:webmaster@ingmardeboer.nl?subject=&amp;quot; + escape(document.title);&lt;br /&gt;
  window.location.replace(locationstring);   &lt;br /&gt;
}  &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/script&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:ingmar3.jpg]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* E-mail: &amp;lt;html&amp;gt;&amp;lt;A onclick=&amp;quot;MailMe();&amp;quot;&amp;gt;mail me&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/html&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Phone +31 - (0)35 - 694 01 80&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:PGP_Public_Key_GnuPG_2021_-_Ingmar_de_Boer.txt|PGP Public Key]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Circle&amp;diff=1407</id>
		<title>Circle</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Circle&amp;diff=1407"/>
		<updated>2026-06-25T15:41:21Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;width: 70%; padding: 20px; background-color: #f0f0f0; border: 1px solid #b0b0b0;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;H1 style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Circle, or the Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics&amp;lt;/H1&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Ingmar de Boer, version 2.1, 18-12-2022&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #ffffff; width: 100%;&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;padding: 20px;&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
* Download: [[Media:The_circle_-_2_-_1.pdf | The Circle, or the Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics]]  [[File:Pdf3.gif]] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Download: [[Media:Wigner_-_The_Unreasonable_Effectiveness_of_Mathematics.pdf ‎| Eugene Wigner: The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics]]  [[File:Pdf3.gif]] &lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;It is certainly true that in nature nothing miraculous exists, but in order to distinguish things we understand in terms of their causes from those of which the causes are unknown to us, we rightly call these miracles, not because they actually are, but because they so present themselves to us. &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;[tr. IdB]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Tis wel waer datter inde Natuer niet wonderlick en is, nochtan tot onderſcheyt der dinghen die wy duer de oirſaken verſstaen, vande ghene welcker redenen ons onbetekent ſijn, ſoo gheuen wy deſe met recht de naem van wonder, niet dat ſijt eyghentlick ſijn, maer om dattet hem voor ons alſoo ghelaet. &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [Simon Stevin, Beghinselen der weeghconst, Leyden, 1586]&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Introduction&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Let us suppose, we show a circle to a physicist and ask him to investigate it. He happens to be this rare scientist who has never seen a circle before, and is unbiased as he is not hindered by any prior knowledge about circles. We provide him with some tools, like a cord and a ruler, and ask him to examine larger and smaller circles in terms of their circumferences and diameters. For the first time in his life he is now confronted with the fact that the ratio of circumference and diameter of any circle seems to amount to one specific value. Every time he measures it, the ratio varies, but within only a few percent margin. He is surprised, overjoyed, and thinks this is nothing short of a miracle.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He then asks himself how this could be possible. After some serious thought he concludes that it must be the effectiveness of mathematical modelling which is the key to his success. There must be some &amp;quot;unreasonable effectiveness to mathematics&amp;quot;, because of which its models are able to describe reality so accurately. Although our physicist has no special knowledge of circles, we hold him in high regard, and he is very reputable because of his many discoveries in other fields of physics. In response to his new insights, he decides to write an article in which he tries to incite other physicists to set up some preliminary research into the unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics. The physics community responds with excitement and expectation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;The Scope of Physics&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As we know, Albert Einstein has remarked that &amp;quot;the only physical theories which we are willing to accept are the beautiful ones&amp;quot;. Although obviously there is some truth to this, the beauty of mathematics itself is not of fundamental importance in the advancement of science. Physics and mathematics are often &amp;quot;beautiful&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;miraculous&amp;quot; and seemingly &amp;quot;unreasonable&amp;quot;, and that is exactly what makes these particular areas of interest so fascinating for many of us. We can be surprised or amazed by nature or by mathematics, while others may feel indifferent about the things we find miraculous. The terms surprised, amazed, etc. are of course purely subjective. The laws of nature are not essentially miraculous: they are just representations of certain relations we have found to exist between observables in specific circumstances in the world. In fact, the most important characteristic of these relations is that they are beyond the scope of the subjective.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Effectiveness of Language in General&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The languages we humans use to communicate with each other, we call them natural languages, are all very effective means to describe the world around us. In some areas some languages may be more effective than others, but generally speaking it does not matter that much if we describe a certain situation, say, in Chinese or in English. For instance, there is never any doubt if Chinese children would be able to learn the same things and learn them as efficiently as English children, as a result of the capabilities of the language they have been growing up with. It may be our command of a language, our observations, our reasoning and many other things standing in our way when we describe the world, but, generally speaking, what is hindering us is not the language in which we try to describe things. We could say: &amp;quot;the world looks the same in any natural language.&amp;quot; Vice versa, we could say that languages are apparently of an elastic nature, where &amp;quot;one language can fit all.&amp;quot; The language is more effective if we can accurately encode and decode a larger part of our world with a more concise sentence and smaller vocabulary. This has something to do with the development of language itself, for example with the possibility of natural languages to form completely new sentences with a relatively small vocabulary, because of various grammatical mechanisms. Languages have evolved to very flexible tools, having solved for example in many different ways major syntactic problems. Ineffective mechanisms have died out in natural language, or have never come into being. In that respect, again, mathematics not very different from natural language. The fact that we can describe the results of our experiments in mathematical or other terms is not at all miraculous: it is precisely what languages are good at.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;The Language of Mathematics&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All natural languages, also those which are historically unrelated, are structured similarly in their deepest layers. In language we can see a reflection of how humans have modelled the world around them in the course of some thousands of years of their evolution. Languages are completely subject to their purpose, that is describing the specific surroundings of a social group. We can find however, only relations between observables in the outside world if we can describe them to ourselves in some form of language, explicitly or implicitly. Language and mind are in this sense not completely separate entities. We encode a model of these relations in the brain, if it were only to have the ability to reproduce them when asked, in the form of natural or mathematical language, for example when we are writing an article on it, or describing it to those who are interested. During the course of its evolution, the language of mathematics has become closely related to the way structures are stored in the brain. If, for the sake of the argument, we would go one step further, and equate mathematics with neural structures, it would be inappropriate to be surprised that the language we have used to store something in the brain, is able to effectively describe that same thing. Differently phrased: it was encoded in the brain in such a way that it can be accurately decoded, so we should not be too surprised if accurately decoding is indeed possible. We could call it an example of &amp;quot;circular&amp;quot; reasoning.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Effectiveness Because of Natural Law, not Because of Language&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The greater problem here, is attributing the accuracy of the relations to the effectiveness of the language in which we describe them. If we would measure the circumference and diameter of circle with a rope and a ruler, inaccuracies may arise due to elasticity of the cord, errors in placing or reading the ruler, etc. etc. If we look at the relation itself, the &amp;quot;natural law&amp;quot; behind the phenomenon, we see that it does not introduce error, because the underlying structure in nature that will be the precise ratio of circumference and diameter of a circle will amount to one specific value, which we call the mathematical constant π (pi). This regularity has already been discovered at some moment in the past, and we should expect it to be confirmed in future experiments. Recognising an element of surprise in hindsight would again be out of place here, because we have already shown long ago that a regularity exists. If there is a miracle here, it is perhaps that if a relation exists in objective reality, our subjective self is able to attain objective knowledge about it, be it often very fragmentary. This is in fact the miracle of the existence of physics itself. ■&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Circle&amp;diff=1406</id>
		<title>Circle</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Circle&amp;diff=1406"/>
		<updated>2026-06-25T15:41:08Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;width: 70%; padding: 20px; background-color: #f0f0f0; border: 1px solid #b0b0b0;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;H1 style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Circle, or the Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics&amp;lt;/H1&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Ingmar de Boer, version 2.1, 18-12-2022&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #ffffff; width: 100%;&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;padding: 20px;&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
* Download: [[Media:The_circle_-_2_-_1.pdf | The Circle, or the Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics]]  [[File:Pdf3.gif]] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Download: [[Media:Wigner_-_The_Unreasonable_Effectiveness_of_Mathematics.pdf ‎| Eugene Wigner: The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics]]  [[File:Pdf3.gif]] &lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;It is certainly true that in nature nothing miraculous exists, but in order to distinguish things we understand in terms of their causes from those of which the causes are unknown to us, we rightly call these miracles, not because they actually are, but because they so present themselves to us. &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;[tr. IdB]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Tis wel waer datter inde Natuer niet wonderlick en is, nochtan tot onderſcheyt der dinghen die wy duer de oirſaken verſstaen, vande ghene welcker redenen ons onbetekent ſijn, ſoo gheuen wy deſe met recht de naem van wonder, niet dat ſijt eyghentlick ſijn, maer om dattet hem voor ons alſoo ghelaet. &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [Simon Stevin, Beghinselen der weeghconst, Leyden, 1586]&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Introduction&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Let us suppose, we show a circle to a physicist and ask him to investigate it. He happens to be this rare scientist who has never seen a circle before, and is unbiased as he is not hindered by any prior knowledge about circles. We provide him with some tools, like a cord and a ruler, and ask him to examine larger and smaller circles in terms of their circumferences and diameters. For the first time in his life he is now confronted with the fact that the ratio of circumference and diameter of any circle seems to amount to one specific value. Every time he measures it, the ratio varies, but within only a few percent margin. He is surprised, overjoyed, and thinks this is nothing short of a miracle.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He then asks himself how this could be possible. After some serious thought he concludes that it must be the effectiveness of mathematical modelling which is the key to his success. There must be some &amp;quot;unreasonable effectiveness to mathematics&amp;quot;, because of which its models are able to describe reality so accurately. Although our physicist has no special knowledge of circles, we hold him in high regard, and he is very reputable because of his many discoveries in other fields of physics. In response to his new insights, he decides to write an article in which he tries to incite other physicists to set up some preliminary research into the unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics. The physics community responds with excitement and expectation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;The Scope of Physics&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As we know, Albert Einstein has remarked that &amp;quot;the only physical theories which we are willing to accept are the beautiful ones&amp;quot;. Although obviously there is some truth to this, the beauty of mathematics itself is not of fundamental importance in the advancement of science. Physics and mathematics are often &amp;quot;beautiful&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;miraculous&amp;quot; and seemingly &amp;quot;unreasonable&amp;quot;, and that is exactly what makes these particular areas of interest so fascinating for many of us. We can be surprised or amazed by nature or by mathematics, while others may feel indifferent about the things we find miraculous. The terms surprised, amazed, etc. are of course purely subjective. The laws of nature are not essentially miraculous: they are just representations of certain relations we have found to exist between observables in specific circumstances in the world. In fact, the most important characteristic of these relations is that they are beyond the scope of the subjective.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Effectiveness of Language in General&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The languages we humans use to communicate with each other, we call them natural languages, are all very effective means to describe the world around us. In some areas some languages may be more effective than others, but generally speaking it does not matter that much if we describe a certain situation, say, in Chinese or in English. For instance, there is never any doubt if Chinese children would be able to learn the same things and learn them as efficiently as English children, as a result of the capabilities of the language they have been growing up with. It may be our command of a language, our observations, our reasoning and many other things standing in our way when we describe the world, but, generally speaking, what is hindering us is not the language in which we try to describe things. We could say: &amp;quot;the world looks the same in any natural language.&amp;quot; Vice versa, we could say that languages are apparently of an elastic nature, where &amp;quot;one language can fit all.&amp;quot; The language is more effective if we can accurately encode and decode a larger part of our world with a more concise sentence and smaller vocabulary. This has something to do with the development of language itself, for example with the possibility of natural languages to form completely new sentences with a relatively small vocabulary, because of various grammatical mechanisms. Languages have evolved to very flexible tools, having solved for example in many different ways major syntactic problems. Ineffective mechanisms have died out in natural language, or have never come into being. In that respect, again, mathematics not very different from natural language. The fact that we can describe the results of our experiments in mathematical or other terms is not at all miraculous: it is precisely what languages are good at.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;The Language of Mathematics&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All natural languages, also those which are historically unrelated, are structured similarly in their deepest layers. In language we can see a reflection of how humans have modelled the world around them in the course of some thousands of years of their evolution. Languages are completely subject to their purpose, that is describing the specific surroundings of a social group. We can find however, only relations between observables in the outside world if we can describe them to ourselves in some form of language, explicitly or implicitly. Language and mind are in this sense not completely separate entities. We encode a model of these relations in the brain, if it were only to have the ability to reproduce them when asked, in the form of natural or mathematical language, for example when we are writing an article on it, or describing it to those who are interested. During the course of its evolution, the language of mathematics has become closely related to the way structures are stored in the brain. If, for the sake of the argument, we would go one step further, and equate mathematics with neural structures, it would be inappropriate to be surprised that the language we have used to store something in the brain, is able to effectively describe that same thing. Differently phrased: it was encoded in the brain in such a way that it can be accurately decoded, so we should not be too surprised if accurately decoding is indeed possible. We could call it an example of &amp;quot;circular&amp;quot; reasoning.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Effectiveness Because of Natural Law, not Because of Language&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The greater problem here, is attributing the accuracy of the relations to the effectiveness of the language in which we describe them. If we would measure the circumference and diameter of circle with a rope and a ruler, inaccuracies may arise due to elasticity of the cord, errors in placing or reading the ruler, etc. etc. If we look at the relation itself, the &amp;quot;natural law&amp;quot; behind the phenomenon, we see that it does not introduce error, because the underlying structure in nature that will be the precise ratio of circumference and diameter of a circle will amount to one specific value, which we call the mathematical constant π (pi). This regularity has already been discovered at some moment in the past, and we should expect it to be confirmed in future experiments. Recognising an element of surprise in hindsight would again be out of place here, because we have already shown long ago that a regularity exists. If there is a miracle here, it is perhaps that if a relation exists in objective reality, our subjective self is able to attain objective knowledge about it, be it often very fragmentary. This is in fact the miracle of the existence of physics itself. ■&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Circle&amp;diff=1405</id>
		<title>Circle</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Circle&amp;diff=1405"/>
		<updated>2026-06-25T15:40:51Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;width: 70%; padding: 20px; background-color: #f0f0f0; border: 1px solid #b0b0b0;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;H1 style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Circle, or the Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics&amp;lt;/H1&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Ingmar de Boer, version 2.1, 18-12-2022&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #ffffff; width: 100%;&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;padding: 20px;&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
* Download: [[Media:The_circle_-_2_-_1.pdf | The Circle, or the Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics]]  [[File:Pdf3.gif]] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* Download: [[Media:Wigner_-_The_Unreasonable_Effectiveness_of_Mathematics.pdf ‎| Eugene Wigner: The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics]]  [[File:Pdf3.gif]] &lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;It is certainly true that in nature nothing miraculous exists, but in order to distinguish things we understand in terms of their causes from those of which the causes are unknown to us, we rightly call these miracles, not because they actually are, but because they so present themselves to us. &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;[tr. IdB]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Tis wel waer datter inde Natuer niet wonderlick en is, nochtan tot onderſcheyt der dinghen die wy duer de oirſaken verſstaen, vande ghene welcker redenen ons onbetekent ſijn, ſoo gheuen wy deſe met recht de naem van wonder, niet dat ſijt eyghentlick ſijn, maer om dattet hem voor ons alſoo ghelaet. &amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; [Simon Stevin, Beghinselen der weeghconst, Leyden, 1586]&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Introduction&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Let us suppose, we show a circle to a physicist and ask him to investigate it. He happens to be this rare scientist who has never seen a circle before, and is unbiased as he is not hindered by any prior knowledge about circles. We provide him with some tools, like a cord and a ruler, and ask him to examine larger and smaller circles in terms of their circumferences and diameters. For the first time in his life he is now confronted with the fact that the ratio of circumference and diameter of any circle seems to amount to one specific value. Every time he measures it, the ratio varies, but within only a few percent margin. He is surprised, overjoyed, and thinks this is nothing short of a miracle.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
He then asks himself how this could be possible. After some serious thought he concludes that it must be the effectiveness of mathematical modelling which is the key to his success. There must be some &amp;quot;unreasonable effectiveness to mathematics&amp;quot;, because of which its models are able to describe reality so accurately. Although our physicist has no special knowledge of circles, we hold him in high regard, and he is very reputable because of his many discoveries in other fields of physics. In response to his new insights, he decides to write an article in which he tries to incite other physicists to set up some preliminary research into the unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics. The physics community responds with excitement and expectation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;The Scope of Physics&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
As we know, Albert Einstein has remarked that &amp;quot;the only physical theories which we are willing to accept are the beautiful ones&amp;quot;. Although obviously there is some truth to this, the beauty of mathematics itself is not of fundamental importance in the advancement of science. Physics and mathematics are often &amp;quot;beautiful&amp;quot;, &amp;quot;miraculous&amp;quot; and seemingly &amp;quot;unreasonable&amp;quot;, and that is exactly what makes these particular areas of interest so fascinating for many of us. We can be surprised or amazed by nature or by mathematics, while others may feel indifferent about the things we find miraculous. The terms surprised, amazed, etc. are of course purely subjective. The laws of nature are not essentially miraculous: they are just representations of certain relations we have found to exist between observables in specific circumstances in the world. In fact, the most important characteristic of these relations is that they are beyond the scope of the subjective.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Effectiveness of Language in General&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The languages we humans use to communicate with each other, we call them natural languages, are all very effective means to describe the world around us. In some areas some languages may be more effective than others, but generally speaking it does not matter that much if we describe a certain situation, say, in Chinese or in English. For instance, there is never any doubt if Chinese children would be able to learn the same things and learn them as efficiently as English children, as a result of the capabilities of the language they have been growing up with. It may be our command of a language, our observations, our reasoning and many other things standing in our way when we describe the world, but, generally speaking, what is hindering us is not the language in which we try to describe things. We could say: &amp;quot;the world looks the same in any natural language.&amp;quot; Vice versa, we could say that languages are apparently of an elastic nature, where &amp;quot;one language can fit all.&amp;quot; The language is more effective if we can accurately encode and decode a larger part of our world with a more concise sentence and smaller vocabulary. This has something to do with the development of language itself, for example with the possibility of natural languages to form completely new sentences with a relatively small vocabulary, because of various grammatical mechanisms. Languages have evolved to very flexible tools, having solved for example in many different ways major syntactic problems. Ineffective mechanisms have died out in natural language, or have never come into being. In that respect, again, mathematics not very different from natural language. The fact that we can describe the results of our experiments in mathematical or other terms is not at all miraculous: it is precisely what languages are good at.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;The Language of Mathematics&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
All natural languages, also those which are historically unrelated, are structured similarly in their deepest layers. In language we can see a reflection of how humans have modelled the world around them in the course of some thousands of years of their evolution. Languages are completely subject to their purpose, that is describing the specific surroundings of a social group. We can find however, only relations between observables in the outside world if we can describe them to ourselves in some form of language, explicitly or implicitly. Language and mind are in this sense not completely separate entities. We encode a model of these relations in the brain, if it were only to have the ability to reproduce them when asked, in the form of natural or mathematical language, for example when we are writing an article on it, or describing it to those who are interested. During the course of its evolution, the language of mathematics has become closely related to the way structures are stored in the brain. If, for the sake of the argument, we would go one step further, and equate mathematics with neural structures, it would be inappropriate to be surprised that the language we have used to store something in the brain, is able to effectively describe that same thing. Differently phrased: it was encoded in the brain in such a way that it can be accurately decoded, so we should not be too surprised if accurately decoding is indeed possible. We could call it an example of &amp;quot;circular&amp;quot; reasoning.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Effectiveness Because of Natural Law, not Because of Language&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The greater problem here, is attributing the accuracy of the relations to the effectiveness of the language in which we describe them. If we would measure the circumference and diameter of circle with a rope and a ruler, inaccuracies may arise due to elasticity of the cord, errors in placing or reading the ruler, etc. etc. If we look at the relation itself, the &amp;quot;natural law&amp;quot; behind the phenomenon, we see that it does not introduce error, because the underlying structure in nature that will be the precise ratio of circumference and diameter of a circle will amount to one specific value, which we call the mathematical constant π (pi). This regularity has already been discovered at some moment in the past, and we should expect it to be confirmed in future experiments. Recognising an element of surprise in hindsight would again be out of place here, because we have already shown long ago that a regularity exists. If there is a miracle here, it is perhaps that if a relation exists in objective reality, our subjective self is able to attain objective knowledge about it, be it often very fragmentary. This is in fact the miracle of the existence of physics itself. ■&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Book_of_the_Universe&amp;diff=1404</id>
		<title>Book of the Universe</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Book_of_the_Universe&amp;diff=1404"/>
		<updated>2026-06-25T15:40:06Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;width: 70%; padding: 20px; background-color: #f0f0f0; border: 1px solid #b0b0b0;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;H1 style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Book of the Universe&amp;lt;/H1&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Ingmar de Boer, v. 3&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #ffffff; width: 100%;&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;padding: 20px;&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
* Download: [[Media:The_Book_of_the_Universe_-_3.pdf | The Book of the Universe (v. 3)]]  [[File:Pdf3.gif]] &lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Philosophy is written in this grand book, which is continually open before our eyes (I call it the Universe) but cannot be understood, if one does not first learn to understand the language, and knows the signs, in which it is written. It is written in the language of mathematics, and the signs are triangles, circles, and other geometrical figures, without which means it is humanly impossible to understand one word of it; without these, one is wandering through a dark labyrinth in vain.&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; (Galileo Galilei, in Il Saggiatore, p. 285 in the 1623 ed., Engl. IdB)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;La Filoſofia è ſcritta in queſto grandiſſimo libro, che continuamente ci ſta aperto innanzi agli occhi (io dico l’ Univerſo) ma non ſi può intendere, ſe prima non s&#039;impara a intender la lingua, e conoſcer i caratteri, ne&#039; quali è ſcritto. Egli è ſcritto in lingua matematica, e i caratteri ſon triangoli, cerchi, ed altre figure Geometriche, ſenza i quali mezzi è impoſſibile intenderne umanamente parola; ſenza queſti è un aggirarſi vanamente per un oſcuro laberinto.&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;Introduction&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In his 1623 work Il Saggiatore (The Assayer), Galilei responds to various points of critique on his earlier work. The cited fragment is considered an important statement in the history of science, since it is thought to be the first time in history when the universe is seen as essentially &amp;quot;mathematical&amp;quot;. Let us sum up the picture Galilei has painted for us.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ol&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The universe is compared metaphorically to a book in which philosophy is encoded.&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The book can only be understood knowing its language, that of mathematics.&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The signs of the language are geometrical figures.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/ol&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Due to this metaphore, this fragment seems to reflect at the same time two different opinions about mathematics, the first being the idea that mathematics is a language, and the second that mathematics is inherently part of reality itself. Further, we could argue that if mathematics is a language, it cannot be an inherent part of nature, since language originates in the human mind. It is part of culture instead of nature, and it depends entirely on collective agreements. It is therefore not part of &amp;quot;the world outside&amp;quot;. Language is not discovered, but invented, or perhaps defined. Vice versa, if mathematics is embedded in reality, it cannot be a language, since in that case it originates in the outside world, and is discovered, instead of invented by man.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;The Mathematical Universe&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In his 2014 work Our Mathematical Universe, as well as the 2007 article The Mathematical Universe, the sympathetic Max Tegmark is putting forward the same idea as Galilei. His theory is presented as the mathematical universe hypothesis (MUH), stating in brief, that &amp;quot;our external physical reality is a mathematical structure&amp;quot;. (see p. 207 of the book) The problem here, is that the term &amp;quot;mathematical&amp;quot; is used loosely (and not metaphorically), not only as the language of mathematics, as the scientific area of research, but also as the order, the regularities found in nature. Structures in reality are strictly speaking not mathematical but physical structures, and the scientific discipline which studies them is called physics. For example, Tegmark speaks of symmetry as a mathematical property (p. 265), and of course in everyday speech we would call it that, but strictly speaking it is not a property of mathematics, but of physics. According to Tegmark, the definition of mathematics should be taken &amp;quot;broad enough&amp;quot; to encompass the whole of physical reality. (p. 271) He then goes even a step further when he says that everything which exists in mathematics should also exist in reality. This seems easily to be falsified by creating a mathematical fantasy which does not correspond to anything in any reality. However, if we predefine any mathematical reality as ontological reality, it becomes unfalsifiable, introducing an even greater problem. Again, it cannot be both at the same time.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To support his argument he defines a hypothesis, the external reality hypothesis (ERH), which is &amp;quot;accepted by most but not all physicists&amp;quot;. This is of course not completely true, if it were only because no physicist had heard of this hypothesis before Tegmark defined it himself. Further, it seems strange that &amp;quot;most but not all physicists&amp;quot; would &amp;quot;accept&amp;quot; a hypothesis without any proof: hypotheses are not things to be accepted, but things to be proven or disproven. Obviously this is again a loose way of formulating.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In mainstream western philosophy there has been an ancient debate about the existence or non-existence of external reality. In physics however, the existence of external reality is not generally put up for discussion. One reason for this is, not that physicists are accepting a hypothesis without proof, but that physicists usually leave this kind of problems to philosophers, and that philosophy&#039;s judgement on the &amp;quot;mind-only&amp;quot; world is not very favourable. Solipsism, as it is called there, is often seen as an untenable or particularly unproductive worldview, and for that reason it does not attract a lot of interest from philosophers today. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Another reason for not doubting external reality in physics, is related to the essence of natural science itself. The larger problem which is the reason of existence of natural sciences is that external reality is only known to us by the grace of the senses, and not by mathematical discovery or imagination. This is why we have to measure things in the external world and design experiments to discover relations between what we have measured. These relations are strictly speaking, again, not mathematical but physical, however there is perhaps a case to be made for calling these both mathematical and physical. Summarising: if the universe was really &amp;quot;mathematical&amp;quot;, there would not have existed any form of natural science, neither would there have been any need for it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;The World Described by a Subset of Possible Descriptions&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Let us return to the point of view that mathematics would be a language. What can be said in most languages is much more than what we can perceive, or vice versa: reality corresponds to only a subset of what we can describe. For example, we can state that Edward is the son of Henry and Jane as well as of Albert and Victoria, but it is clear that if we are speaking of the same Edward, this cannot be true. Nevertheless, as a sentence there is nothing wrong with it. The language of mathematics is in that respect not different from natural languages, as it is also able to describe much more than what could exist in reality. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A telling example in natural science is the mathematical invention of complex numbers. In technical applications complex numbers seem to function well, and they are even very important in many areas of physics and engineering, but we do not have any idea what they refer to in reality. A &amp;quot;physicalist&amp;quot; would perhaps argue that as long as we are not able to investigate their reality by means of the methods of natural science, they cannot be real. They do exist in mathematics but do not have any counterpart in reality. For this reason physicists have investigated if the use complex numbers (or at least their imaginary parts) might be eliminated from physics.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;Platonism in Mathematics&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Following the 1934 lecture by Paul Bernays Sur le platonisme dans les mathematiques, the term Platonism is used (in a strict or less strict sense) in western philosophy to indicate the idea that mathematical entities exist in reality. In fact, in the English version of the article produced from the lecture text, Bernays formulates it as follows:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;[...] the tendency of which we are speaking consists in viewing the objects as cut off from all links with the reflecting subject. Since this tendency asserted itself especially in the philosophy of Plato, allow me to call it &amp;quot;platonism&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The term does not do justice to the great philosopher, since his thoughts about mathematics were probably almost the exact opposite of what Bernays is suggesting here. According to the actual Platonists, mathematics belonged primarily to the &amp;quot;world of ideas&amp;quot;, which is not an objective world which is &amp;quot;cut off from the reflecting subject&amp;quot;. Around 2000 years later, Immanuel Kant also interpreted this the same way: in chapter I.2.1.2.3 of his Kritik der Reinen Vernunft, he associates the world of ideas, the noumenal, with the domain of reason. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the other hand, we know the discoveries of mathematics are not only subjective in nature. Mathematics is not based on introspection in the sense that its discoveries are only of value to the person who observes them in his own subjective inner world. This duality between &amp;quot;inner&amp;quot; knowledge and objectivity makes the status of mathematics as a science hard to understand, at least at first glance. We may think that the progression of neuroscience can shed definitive light on this.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;The Structure of Reality&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Perhaps things will become clearer if we investigate the role of mathematics in more detail here. Despite Galilei&#039;s sincere argument, actual triangles or circles are not found in nature. The language of geometry, of triangles and circles—or anything else we have learnt for that matter—may serve as a tool to model natural phenomena, but they cannot be building blocks of the phenomenal world, since they do not exist in that world. If one considers triangles and circles to be parts of a language, of geometry, and not of reality, then mathematics should also be considered to be a type of language, or perhaps a set of modelling tools, but not the structure of reality. The structure of the universe is therefore not &amp;quot;mathematical&amp;quot;. Mathematics is a way for us to perceive, analyse, or define the structure of reality. Certainly, we should not be calling something mathematics/mathematical from now on, which has been called physics/physical for centuries, and think that that in itself will solve any fundamental problems.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In a sense, we could even consider mathematics the only way to describe the stable connections between quantities, that we call laws of nature. Without language or modelling tools, we cannot describe nature. This means that we can only discover the laws of nature if they satisfy certain conditions. That is one aspect of why it seems that mathematics is a surprisingly appropriate language to describe nature. We can only perceive that reality which is &amp;quot;mathematical&amp;quot;, because we see our way of understanding things reflected in everything we perceive. We could not perceive nature if it was &amp;quot;unmathematical&amp;quot;, and it could not exist to us. In the words of Ludwig Wittgenstein&#039;s Tractatus:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
4.113	Philosophy sets limits to the much disputed sphere of natural science.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
4.114	It must set limits to what can be thought; and, in doing so, to what cannot be thought. It must set limits to what cannot be thought by working outwards through what can be thought.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
4.115	It will signify what cannot be said, by presenting clearly what can be said. &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
4.113	Die Philosophie begrenzt das bestreitbare Gebiet der Naturwissenschaft. &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
4.114	Sie soll das Denkbare abgrenzen und damit das Undenkbare. Sie soll das Undenkbare von innen durch das Denkbare begrenzen. &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
4.115	Sie wird das Unsagbare bedeuten, indem sie das Sagbare klar darstellt.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;Conclusion&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The universe is physical, and our mind is perhaps &amp;quot;mathematical&amp;quot;. The physical universe is made up of physical structures which may be described using mathematical structures. If we think that there is a way for our subjective consciousness to be one with objective reality, as is in a sense presupposed yoga philosophy and other forms of mysticism, then we might have to dramatically change our ideas about the external world. Perhaps Tegmark moves very subtly into that direction in his book, but before embracing those or similar ideas, it remains important that the difference between the internal and external world is respected, or at least taken into consideration, in order to be philosophically correct, which is of course in turn physically correct. ●&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Book_of_the_Universe&amp;diff=1403</id>
		<title>Book of the Universe</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Book_of_the_Universe&amp;diff=1403"/>
		<updated>2026-06-25T15:39:48Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;width: 70%; padding: 20px; background-color: #f0f0f0; border: 1px solid #b0b0b0;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;H1 style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 0px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;The Book of the Universe&amp;lt;/H1&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;small&amp;gt;Ingmar de Boer, v. 3&amp;lt;/small&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
{| class=&amp;quot;wikitable&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #ffffff; width: 100%;&amp;quot; &lt;br /&gt;
|style=&amp;quot;padding: 20px;&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
* Download: [[Media:The_Book_of_the_Universe_-_3.pdf | The Book of the Universe (v. 3)]]  [[File:Pdf3.gif]] &lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Philosophy is written in this grand book, which is continually open before our eyes (I call it the Universe) but cannot be understood, if one does not first learn to understand the language, and knows the signs, in which it is written. It is written in the language of mathematics, and the signs are triangles, circles, and other geometrical figures, without which means it is humanly impossible to understand one word of it; without these, one is wandering through a dark labyrinth in vain.&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; (Galileo Galilei, in Il Saggiatore, p. 285 in the 1623 ed., Engl. IdB)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;La Filoſofia è ſcritta in queſto grandiſſimo libro, che continuamente ci ſta aperto innanzi agli occhi (io dico l’ Univerſo) ma non ſi può intendere, ſe prima non s&#039;impara a intender la lingua, e conoſcer i caratteri, ne&#039; quali è ſcritto. Egli è ſcritto in lingua matematica, e i caratteri ſon triangoli, cerchi, ed altre figure Geometriche, ſenza i quali mezzi è impoſſibile intenderne umanamente parola; ſenza queſti è un aggirarſi vanamente per un oſcuro laberinto.&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;Introduction&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In his 1623 work Il Saggiatore (The Assayer), Galilei responds to various points of critique on his earlier work. The cited fragment is considered an important statement in the history of science, since it is thought to be the first time in history when the universe is seen as essentially &amp;quot;mathematical&amp;quot;. Let us sum up the picture Galilei has painted for us.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ol&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The universe is compared metaphorically to a book in which philosophy is encoded.&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The book can only be understood knowing its language, that of mathematics.&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;li&amp;gt;The signs of the language are geometrical figures.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/ol&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Due to this metaphore, this fragment seems to reflect at the same time two different opinions about mathematics, the first being the idea that mathematics is a language, and the second that mathematics is inherently part of reality itself. Further, we could argue that if mathematics is a language, it cannot be an inherent part of nature, since language originates in the human mind. It is part of culture instead of nature, and it depends entirely on collective agreements. It is therefore not part of &amp;quot;the world outside&amp;quot;. Language is not discovered, but invented, or perhaps defined. Vice versa, if mathematics is embedded in reality, it cannot be a language, since in that case it originates in the outside world, and is discovered, instead of invented by man.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;The Mathematical Universe&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In his 2014 work Our Mathematical Universe, as well as the 2007 article The Mathematical Universe, the sympathetic Max Tegmark is putting forward the same idea as Galilei. His theory is presented as the mathematical universe hypothesis (MUH), stating in brief, that &amp;quot;our external physical reality is a mathematical structure&amp;quot;. (see p. 207 of the book) The problem here, is that the term &amp;quot;mathematical&amp;quot; is used loosely (and not metaphorically), not only as the language of mathematics, as the scientific area of research, but also as the order, the regularities found in nature. Structures in reality are strictly speaking not mathematical but physical structures, and the scientific discipline which studies them is called physics. For example, Tegmark speaks of symmetry as a mathematical property (p. 265), and of course in everyday speech we would call it that, but strictly speaking it is not a property of mathematics, but of physics. According to Tegmark, the definition of mathematics should be taken &amp;quot;broad enough&amp;quot; to encompass the whole of physical reality. (p. 271) He then goes even a step further when he says that everything which exists in mathematics should also exist in reality. This seems easily to be falsified by creating a mathematical fantasy which does not correspond to anything in any reality. However, if we predefine any mathematical reality as ontological reality, it becomes unfalsifiable, introducing an even greater problem. Again, it cannot be both at the same time.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
To support his argument he defines a hypothesis, the external reality hypothesis (ERH), which is &amp;quot;accepted by most but not all physicists&amp;quot;. This is of course not completely true, if it were only because no physicist had heard of this hypothesis before Tegmark defined it himself. Further, it seems strange that &amp;quot;most but not all physicists&amp;quot; would &amp;quot;accept&amp;quot; a hypothesis without any proof: hypotheses are not things to be accepted, but things to be proven or disproven. Obviously this is again a loose way of formulating.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In mainstream western philosophy there has been an ancient debate about the existence or non-existence of external reality. In physics however, the existence of external reality is not generally put up for discussion. One reason for this is, not that physicists are accepting a hypothesis without proof, but that physicists usually leave this kind of problems to philosophers, and that philosophy&#039;s judgement on the &amp;quot;mind-only&amp;quot; world is not very favourable. Solipsism, as it is called there, is often seen as an untenable or particularly unproductive worldview, and for that reason it does not attract a lot of interest from philosophers today. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Another reason for not doubting external reality in physics, is related to the essence of natural science itself. The larger problem which is the reason of existence of natural sciences is that external reality is only known to us by the grace of the senses, and not by mathematical discovery or imagination. This is why we have to measure things in the external world and design experiments to discover relations between what we have measured. These relations are strictly speaking, again, not mathematical but physical, however there is perhaps a case to be made for calling these both mathematical and physical. Summarising: if the universe was really &amp;quot;mathematical&amp;quot;, there would not have existed any form of natural science, neither would there have been any need for it.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;The World Described by a Subset of Possible Descriptions&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Let us return to the point of view that mathematics would be a language. What can be said in most languages is much more than what we can perceive, or vice versa: reality corresponds to only a subset of what we can describe. For example, we can state that Edward is the son of Henry and Jane as well as of Albert and Victoria, but it is clear that if we are speaking of the same Edward, this cannot be true. Nevertheless, as a sentence there is nothing wrong with it. The language of mathematics is in that respect not different from natural languages, as it is also able to describe much more than what could exist in reality. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
A telling example in natural science is the mathematical invention of complex numbers. In technical applications complex numbers seem to function well, and they are even very important in many areas of physics and engineering, but we do not have any idea what they refer to in reality. A &amp;quot;physicalist&amp;quot; would perhaps argue that as long as we are not able to investigate their reality by means of the methods of natural science, they cannot be real. They do exist in mathematics but do not have any counterpart in reality. For this reason physicists have investigated if the use complex numbers (or at least their imaginary parts) might be eliminated from physics.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;Platonism in Mathematics&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Following the 1934 lecture by Paul Bernays Sur le platonisme dans les mathematiques, the term Platonism is used (in a strict or less strict sense) in western philosophy to indicate the idea that mathematical entities exist in reality. In fact, in the English version of the article produced from the lecture text, Bernays formulates it as follows:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;[...] the tendency of which we are speaking consists in viewing the objects as cut off from all links with the reflecting subject. Since this tendency asserted itself especially in the philosophy of Plato, allow me to call it &amp;quot;platonism&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The term does not do justice to the great philosopher, since his thoughts about mathematics were probably almost the exact opposite of what Bernays is suggesting here. According to the actual Platonists, mathematics belonged primarily to the &amp;quot;world of ideas&amp;quot;, which is not an objective world which is &amp;quot;cut off from the reflecting subject&amp;quot;. Around 2000 years later, Immanuel Kant also interpreted this the same way: in chapter I.2.1.2.3 of his Kritik der Reinen Vernunft, he associates the world of ideas, the noumenal, with the domain of reason. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the other hand, we know the discoveries of mathematics are not only subjective in nature. Mathematics is not based on introspection in the sense that its discoveries are only of value to the person who observes them in his own subjective inner world. This duality between &amp;quot;inner&amp;quot; knowledge and objectivity makes the status of mathematics as a science hard to understand, at least at first glance. We may think that the progression of neuroscience can shed definitive light on this.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;The Structure of Reality&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Perhaps things will become clearer if we investigate the role of mathematics in more detail here. Despite Galilei&#039;s sincere argument, actual triangles or circles are not found in nature. The language of geometry, of triangles and circles—or anything else we have learnt for that matter—may serve as a tool to model natural phenomena, but they cannot be building blocks of the phenomenal world, since they do not exist in that world. If one considers triangles and circles to be parts of a language, of geometry, and not of reality, then mathematics should also be considered to be a type of language, or perhaps a set of modelling tools, but not the structure of reality. The structure of the universe is therefore not &amp;quot;mathematical&amp;quot;. Mathematics is a way for us to perceive, analyse, or define the structure of reality. Certainly, we should not be calling something mathematics/mathematical from now on, which has been called physics/physical for centuries, and think that that in itself will solve any fundamental problems.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In a sense, we could even consider mathematics the only way to describe the stable connections between quantities, that we call laws of nature. Without language or modelling tools, we cannot describe nature. This means that we can only discover the laws of nature if they satisfy certain conditions. That is one aspect of why it seems that mathematics is a surprisingly appropriate language to describe nature. We can only perceive that reality which is &amp;quot;mathematical&amp;quot;, because we see our way of understanding things reflected in everything we perceive. We could not perceive nature if it was &amp;quot;unmathematical&amp;quot;, and it could not exist to us. In the words of Ludwig Wittgenstein&#039;s Tractatus:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
4.113	Philosophy sets limits to the much disputed sphere of natural science.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
4.114	It must set limits to what can be thought; and, in doing so, to what cannot be thought. It must set limits to what cannot be thought by working outwards through what can be thought.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
4.115	It will signify what cannot be said, by presenting clearly what can be said. &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
4.113	Die Philosophie begrenzt das bestreitbare Gebiet der Naturwissenschaft. &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
4.114	Sie soll das Denkbare abgrenzen und damit das Undenkbare. Sie soll das Undenkbare von innen durch das Denkbare begrenzen. &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
4.115	Sie wird das Unsagbare bedeuten, indem sie das Sagbare klar darstellt.&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h3&amp;gt;Conclusion&amp;lt;/h3&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The universe is physical, and our mind is perhaps &amp;quot;mathematical&amp;quot;. The physical universe is made up of physical structures which may be described using mathematical structures. If we think that there is a way for our subjective consciousness to be one with objective reality, as is in a sense presupposed yoga philosophy and other forms of mysticism, then we might have to dramatically change our ideas about the external world. Perhaps Tegmark moves very subtly into that direction in his book, but before embracing those or similar ideas, it remains important that the difference between the internal and external world is respected, or at least taken into consideration, in order to be philosophically correct, which is of course in turn physically correct. ●&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Asanga&amp;diff=1402</id>
		<title>Asanga</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Asanga&amp;diff=1402"/>
		<updated>2026-06-25T15:38:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;width: 70%; padding: 20px; background-color: white; border: 1px solid #b0b0b0;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h2 style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Reference Table of Works by Asanga&amp;lt;/h2&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Works_of_Maitreya_and_Asanga_-_9.xls|Works of Maitreya and Asanga v. 0.9]]  [[File:xls.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Works_of_Maitreya_and_Asanga_-_9.pdf|Works of Maitreya and Asanga v. 0.9]]  [[File:pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Life of Asanga: Different Opinions on Dates==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:The_Life_of_Asanga_-_Different_Opinions.png]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==List of Gupta Kings==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Gupta_Kings.pdf|List of Gupta Kings]]  [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taranatha Tāranātha] writes in his [http://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=History_of_Buddhism_in_India History of Buddhism in India] (tr. Lama Chimpa &amp;amp; Alaka Chattopadhyaya, p. 161, see in the Tib. Potala Ed. fol. 57a):&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&amp;quot;After this, under the patronage of king Gambhīrapakṣa the monks of the four directions assembled in the monastery of U-sma-pu-ri in the city of Sa-ga-ri in the near-west. In this assembly, ārya Asaṅga delivered many sermons according to the understanding of each.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are a few more locations where Tāranātha connects the Gupta kings with events in the life of  Asaṅga, but if, for simplicity, we only take this one into account, we may derive that Asaṅga was an adult during the reign of Gambhīrapakṣa. The latter was also called Kumāragupta III, who has been in power from around 530 to around 540 CE. From this, we may derive that Asaṅga should have been born some time in the 5th century CE.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Textual History of the Ratnagotravibhāga==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[media:RGV_Textual_History_Diagram_-_2.pdf|Textual History Diagram version 2]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:RGV_Textual_History_Diagram_-_2.png|850px]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Asanga&amp;diff=1401</id>
		<title>Asanga</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Asanga&amp;diff=1401"/>
		<updated>2026-06-25T15:37:43Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;width: 70%; padding: 20px; background-color: white; border: 1px solid #b0b0b0;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h2 style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 10px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Reference Table of Works by Asanga&amp;lt;/h2&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Works_of_Maitreya_and_Asanga_-_9.xls|Works of Maitreya and Asanga v. 0.9]]  [[File:xls.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Works_of_Maitreya_and_Asanga_-_9.pdf|Works of Maitreya and Asanga v. 0.9]]  [[File:pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Life of Asanga: Different Opinions on Dates==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:The_Life_of_Asanga_-_Different_Opinions.png]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==List of Gupta Kings==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Gupta_Kings.pdf|List of Gupta Kings]]  [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taranatha Tāranātha] writes in his [http://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=History_of_Buddhism_in_India History of Buddhism in India] (tr. Lama Chimpa &amp;amp; Alaka Chattopadhyaya, p. 161, see in the Tib. Potala Ed. fol. 57a):&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&amp;quot;After this, under the patronage of king Gambhīrapakṣa the monks of the four directions assembled in the monastery of U-sma-pu-ri in the city of Sa-ga-ri in the near-west. In this assembly, ārya Asaṅga delivered many sermons according to the understanding of each.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are a few more locations where Tāranātha connects the Gupta kings with events in the life of  Asaṅga, but if, for simplicity, we only take this one into account, we may derive that Asaṅga was an adult during the reign of Gambhīrapakṣa. The latter was also called Kumāragupta III, who has been in power from around 530 to around 540 CE. From this, we may derive that Asaṅga should have been born some time in the 5th century CE.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Textual History of the Ratnagotravibhāga==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[media:RGV_Textual_History_Diagram_-_2.pdf|Textual History Diagram version 2]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:RGV_Textual_History_Diagram_-_2.png|850px]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Asanga&amp;diff=1400</id>
		<title>Asanga</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Asanga&amp;diff=1400"/>
		<updated>2026-06-25T15:37:28Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;width: 70%; padding: 20px; background-color: white; border: 1px solid #b0b0b0;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h2 style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 0px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Reference Table of Works by Asanga&amp;lt;/h2&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Works_of_Maitreya_and_Asanga_-_9.xls|Works of Maitreya and Asanga v. 0.9]]  [[File:xls.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Works_of_Maitreya_and_Asanga_-_9.pdf|Works of Maitreya and Asanga v. 0.9]]  [[File:pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Life of Asanga: Different Opinions on Dates==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:The_Life_of_Asanga_-_Different_Opinions.png]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==List of Gupta Kings==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Gupta_Kings.pdf|List of Gupta Kings]]  [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taranatha Tāranātha] writes in his [http://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=History_of_Buddhism_in_India History of Buddhism in India] (tr. Lama Chimpa &amp;amp; Alaka Chattopadhyaya, p. 161, see in the Tib. Potala Ed. fol. 57a):&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&amp;quot;After this, under the patronage of king Gambhīrapakṣa the monks of the four directions assembled in the monastery of U-sma-pu-ri in the city of Sa-ga-ri in the near-west. In this assembly, ārya Asaṅga delivered many sermons according to the understanding of each.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are a few more locations where Tāranātha connects the Gupta kings with events in the life of  Asaṅga, but if, for simplicity, we only take this one into account, we may derive that Asaṅga was an adult during the reign of Gambhīrapakṣa. The latter was also called Kumāragupta III, who has been in power from around 530 to around 540 CE. From this, we may derive that Asaṅga should have been born some time in the 5th century CE.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Textual History of the Ratnagotravibhāga==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[media:RGV_Textual_History_Diagram_-_2.pdf|Textual History Diagram version 2]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:RGV_Textual_History_Diagram_-_2.png|850px]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Asanga&amp;diff=1399</id>
		<title>Asanga</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Asanga&amp;diff=1399"/>
		<updated>2026-06-25T15:36:56Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;width: 70%; padding: 20px; background-color: white; border: 1px solid #b0b0b0;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h2 style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 0px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Reference Table of Works by Asanga&amp;lt;/h2&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Works_of_Maitreya_and_Asanga_-_9.xls|Works of Maitreya and Asanga v. 0.9]]  [[File:xls.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Works_of_Maitreya_and_Asanga_-_9.pdf|Works of Maitreya and Asanga v. 0.9]]  [[File:pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Life of Asanga: Different Opinions on Dates==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:The_Life_of_Asanga_-_Different_Opinions.png]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==List of Gupta Kings==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Gupta_Kings.pdf|List of Gupta Kings]]  [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taranatha Tāranātha] writes in his [http://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=History_of_Buddhism_in_India History of Buddhism in India] (tr. Lama Chimpa &amp;amp; Alaka Chattopadhyaya, p. 161, see in the Tib. Potala Ed. fol. 57a):&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&amp;quot;After this, under the patronage of king Gambhīrapakṣa the monks of the four directions assembled in the monastery of U-sma-pu-ri in the city of Sa-ga-ri in the near-west. In this assembly, ārya Asaṅga delivered many sermons according to the understanding of each.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are a few more locations where Tāranātha connects the Gupta kings with events in the life of  Asaṅga, but if, for simplicity, we only take this one into account, we may derive that Asaṅga was an adult during the reign of Gambhīrapakṣa. The latter was also called Kumāragupta III, who has been in power from around 530 to around 540 CE. From this, we may derive that Asaṅga should have been born some time in the 5th century CE.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Textual History of the Ratnagotravibhāga==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[media:RGV_Textual_History_Diagram_-_2.pdf|Textual History Diagram version 2]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:RGV_Textual_History_Diagram_-_2.png|850px]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Asanga&amp;diff=1398</id>
		<title>Asanga</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Asanga&amp;diff=1398"/>
		<updated>2026-06-25T15:36:29Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;width: 70%; padding: 20px; background-color: white; border: 1px solid #b0b0b0;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h2 style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 0px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Reference Table of Works by Asanga&amp;lt;/h2&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Works_of_Maitreya_and_Asanga_-_9.xls|Works of Maitreya and Asanga v. 0.9]]  [[File:xls.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Works_of_Maitreya_and_Asanga_-_9.pdf|Works of Maitreya and Asanga v. 0.9]]  [[File:pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Life of Asanga: Different Opinions on Dates==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:The_Life_of_Asanga_-_Different_Opinions.png]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==List of Gupta Kings==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Gupta_Kings.pdf|List of Gupta Kings]]  [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taranatha Tāranātha] writes in his [http://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=History_of_Buddhism_in_India History of Buddhism in India] (tr. Lama Chimpa &amp;amp; Alaka Chattopadhyaya, p. 161, see in the Tib. Potala Ed. fol. 57a):&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&amp;quot;After this, under the patronage of king Gambhīrapakṣa the monks of the four directions assembled in the monastery of U-sma-pu-ri in the city of Sa-ga-ri in the near-west. In this assembly, ārya Asaṅga delivered many sermons according to the understanding of each.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are a few more locations where Tāranātha connects the Gupta kings with events in the life of  Asaṅga, but if, for simplicity, we only take this one into account, we may derive that Asaṅga was an adult during the reign of Gambhīrapakṣa. The latter was also called Kumāragupta III, who has been in power from around 530 to around 540 CE. From this, we may derive that Asaṅga should have been born some time in the 5th century CE.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Textual History of the Ratnagotravibhāga==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[media:RGV_Textual_History_Diagram_-_2.pdf|Textual History Diagram version 2]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:RGV_Textual_History_Diagram_-_2.png|850px]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Asanga&amp;diff=1397</id>
		<title>Asanga</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Asanga&amp;diff=1397"/>
		<updated>2026-06-25T15:36:04Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;width: 70%; padding: 20px; background-color: white; border: 1px solid #b0b0b0;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h2 style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 0px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Reference Table of Works by Asanga&amp;lt;/h2&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Works_of_Maitreya_and_Asanga_-_9.xls|Works of Maitreya and Asanga v. 0.9]]  [[File:xls.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Works_of_Maitreya_and_Asanga_-_9.pdf|Works of Maitreya and Asanga v. 0.9]]  [[File:pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Life of Asanga: Different Opinions on Dates==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:The_Life_of_Asanga_-_Different_Opinions.png]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==List of Gupta Kings==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Gupta_Kings.pdf|List of Gupta Kings]]  [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taranatha Tāranātha] writes in his [http://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=History_of_Buddhism_in_India History of Buddhism in India] (tr. Lama Chimpa &amp;amp; Alaka Chattopadhyaya, p. 161, see in the Tib. Potala Ed. fol. 57a):&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&amp;quot;After this, under the patronage of king Gambhīrapakṣa the monks of the four directions assembled in the monastery of U-sma-pu-ri in the city of Sa-ga-ri in the near-west. In this assembly, ārya Asaṅga delivered many sermons according to the understanding of each.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are a few more locations where Tāranātha connects the Gupta kings with events in the life of  Asaṅga, but if, for simplicity, we only take this one into account, we may derive that Asaṅga was an adult during the reign of Gambhīrapakṣa. The latter was also called Kumāragupta III, who has been in power from around 530 to around 540 CE. From this, we may derive that Asaṅga should have been born some time in the 5th century CE.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Textual History of the Ratnagotravibhāga==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[media:RGV_Textual_History_Diagram_-_2.pdf|Textual History Diagram version 2]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:RGV_Textual_History_Diagram_-_2.png|850px]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Asanga&amp;diff=1396</id>
		<title>Asanga</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Asanga&amp;diff=1396"/>
		<updated>2026-06-25T15:31:42Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div style=&amp;quot;width: 70%; padding: 20px; background-color: white; border: 1px solid #b0b0b0;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h2 style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 0px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Reference Table of Works by Asanga&amp;lt;/h2&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Works_of_Maitreya_and_Asanga_-_9.xls|Works of Maitreya and Asanga v. 0.9]]  [[File:xls.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Works_of_Maitreya_and_Asanga_-_9.pdf|Works of Maitreya and Asanga v. 0.9]]  [[File:pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Life of Asanga: Different Opinions on Dates==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:The_Life_of_Asanga_-_Different_Opinions.png]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==List of Gupta Kings==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Gupta_Kings.pdf|List of Gupta Kings]]  [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taranatha Tāranātha] writes in his [http://www.rigpawiki.org/index.php?title=History_of_Buddhism_in_India History of Buddhism in India] (tr. Lama Chimpa &amp;amp; Alaka Chattopadhyaya, p. 161, see in the Tib. Potala Ed. fol. 57a):&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ul&amp;gt;&amp;quot;After this, under the patronage of king Gambhīrapakṣa the monks of the four directions assembled in the monastery of U-sma-pu-ri in the city of Sa-ga-ri in the near-west. In this assembly, ārya Asaṅga delivered many sermons according to the understanding of each.&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/ul&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
There are a few more locations where Tāranātha connects the Gupta kings with events in the life of  Asaṅga, but if, for simplicity, we only take this one into account, we may derive that Asaṅga was an adult during the reign of Gambhīrapakṣa. The latter was also called Kumāragupta III, who has been in power from around 530 to around 540 CE. From this, we may derive that Asaṅga should have been born some time in the 5th century CE.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Textual History of the Ratnagotravibhāga==&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 0px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[media:RGV_Textual_History_Diagram_-_2.pdf|Textual History Diagram version 2]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Image:RGV_Textual_History_Diagram_-_2.png|850px]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Facebook&amp;diff=1395</id>
		<title>Facebook</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Facebook&amp;diff=1395"/>
		<updated>2025-06-17T14:56:07Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;I maintain one Facebook page:&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://www.facebook.com/ingmardb https://www.facebook.com/ingmardb] which is my own page.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
And then there is the page&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[https://www.facebook.com/ITCNaarden/ https://www.facebook.com/ITCNaarden/] of the International Theosophical Centre.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=1394</id>
		<title>Main Page</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=1394"/>
		<updated>2025-06-17T14:53:08Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: /* S */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 25px; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[#A|A]] [[#B|B]] [[#C|C]] [[#D|D]] [[#E|E]] [[#F|F]] [[#G|G]] [[#H|H]] [[#I|I]] [[#J|J]] [[#K|K]] [[#L|L]] [[#M|M]] [[#N|N]] [[#O|O]] [[#P|P]] [[#Q|Q]] [[#R|R]] [[#S|S]] [[#T|T]] [[#U|U]] [[#V|V]] [[#W|W]] [[#X|X]] [[#Y|Y]] [[#Z|Z]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{| cellpadding=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #f4f4f4; border: 1px; border-color: #b4b4b4; border-style: outset; padding: 0px; margin-left: -2px; width: 80%;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;width: 50%; vertical-align:top;&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h1 style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 0px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;A&amp;lt;/h1&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
__NOTOC__ &lt;br /&gt;
[[APC Houses]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Asanga]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Ascendant-Parallelcirkelsysteem]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Astrologen doen maar wat]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Astrology]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Authorship Attribution Method]], Applied to the Buddhist Scriptures of Ārya Asaṅga, A Statistical -&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=B=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Buddhism]], some links&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Book of Dzyan]] web site &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Book of the Universe]] The, - (On Max Tegmark&#039;s Mathematical Universe Hypothesis)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=C=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Circle]], The -, or the Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Contact]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Cosmografie]] voor astrologen  [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=D=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Diagram of Meditation]] dictated by H.P. Blavatsky to E.T. Sturdy around 1887&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Dierenriem]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Dzyan]], A Diagram on the Origin of the Book of -&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=E=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Eckhart]] De Drieheid: Johannes Eckhart, proeve van vertaling [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=F=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Facebook]] pages &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Feynman]], Richard - (the physicist)&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=G=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=H=&lt;br /&gt;
[[Hypothetische Planeten]], De posities van de - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=I=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=J=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=K=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--[[Kalacakra]] Notes on the chronology of the Kalacakratantra&amp;lt;br /--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Krishnamurti]]&#039;s &amp;quot;keuzeloos gewaarzijn&amp;quot; [[File:Dutch.gif]]  &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=L=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Labout]], L.W.J., tekening De Zeven Evolutiesystemen van het Zonnestelsel [[File:Dutch.gif]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Lamp]] Sri Ram, Een - te zijn voor jezelf: de praktijk van mindfulness [[File:Dutch.gif]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Licht van Azië]] (fragment om voor te lezen) [[File:Dutch.gif]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=M=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=N=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Natuurkunde in de theosofische literatuur]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=O=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=P=&lt;br /&gt;
[[Pranavavada]] Manuscripts&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Q=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=R=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=S=&lt;br /&gt;
[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl Sanskrit Dictionary] Monier Williams and other DICT dictionaries&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Sanskrit_Taskbar_for_Microsoft_Word|Sanskrit Transliteration]] UniCode transliteration standard&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Secret Doctrine Articles|Secret Doctrine]] articles for the Book of Dzyan Blog&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Semiotische driehoek]], De - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Stem van de Stilte]], De Wereld achter het Werk [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Stok]], J.E. van der -, Talks and Addresses&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=T=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Talks and Addresses]]: lectures by J.E. van der Stok&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Theosophical History (Diagrams)]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thierens]] A.E., &amp;quot;founder of astrology in the Netherlands&amp;quot;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Topocentrische plaatsbepaling]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Tree of Science]], Asking &amp;quot;Why, why, why?&amp;quot; or the - (on Richard Feynman and the advancement of science)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=U=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Unicode]] transliteration standard for Sanskrit&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=V=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Verwondering]], Momenten van - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=W=&lt;br /&gt;
[[Wiskunde]], Waarom is - zo&#039;n effectief middel in het beschrijven van natuurkundige verschijnselen? [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Y=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Yoga Sutra]]&#039;s, Het hart van Patañjali&#039;s - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Z=&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=1393</id>
		<title>Main Page</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=1393"/>
		<updated>2025-06-17T14:52:36Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: /* S */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 25px; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[#A|A]] [[#B|B]] [[#C|C]] [[#D|D]] [[#E|E]] [[#F|F]] [[#G|G]] [[#H|H]] [[#I|I]] [[#J|J]] [[#K|K]] [[#L|L]] [[#M|M]] [[#N|N]] [[#O|O]] [[#P|P]] [[#Q|Q]] [[#R|R]] [[#S|S]] [[#T|T]] [[#U|U]] [[#V|V]] [[#W|W]] [[#X|X]] [[#Y|Y]] [[#Z|Z]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{| cellpadding=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #f4f4f4; border: 1px; border-color: #b4b4b4; border-style: outset; padding: 0px; margin-left: -2px; width: 80%;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;width: 50%; vertical-align:top;&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h1 style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 0px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;A&amp;lt;/h1&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
__NOTOC__ &lt;br /&gt;
[[APC Houses]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Asanga]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Ascendant-Parallelcirkelsysteem]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Astrologen doen maar wat]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Astrology]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Authorship Attribution Method]], Applied to the Buddhist Scriptures of Ārya Asaṅga, A Statistical -&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=B=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Buddhism]], some links&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Book of Dzyan]] web site &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Book of the Universe]] The, - (On Max Tegmark&#039;s Mathematical Universe Hypothesis)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=C=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Circle]], The -, or the Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Contact]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Cosmografie]] voor astrologen  [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=D=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Diagram of Meditation]] dictated by H.P. Blavatsky to E.T. Sturdy around 1887&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Dierenriem]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Dzyan]], A Diagram on the Origin of the Book of -&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=E=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Eckhart]] De Drieheid: Johannes Eckhart, proeve van vertaling [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=F=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Facebook]] pages &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Feynman]], Richard - (the physicist)&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=G=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=H=&lt;br /&gt;
[[Hypothetische Planeten]], De posities van de - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=I=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=J=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=K=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--[[Kalacakra]] Notes on the chronology of the Kalacakratantra&amp;lt;br /--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Krishnamurti]]&#039;s &amp;quot;keuzeloos gewaarzijn&amp;quot; [[File:Dutch.gif]]  &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=L=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Labout]], L.W.J., tekening De Zeven Evolutiesystemen van het Zonnestelsel [[File:Dutch.gif]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Lamp]] Sri Ram, Een - te zijn voor jezelf: de praktijk van mindfulness [[File:Dutch.gif]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Licht van Azië]] (fragment om voor te lezen) [[File:Dutch.gif]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=M=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=N=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Natuurkunde in de theosofische literatuur]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=O=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=P=&lt;br /&gt;
[[Pranavavada]] Manuscripts&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Q=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=R=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=S=&lt;br /&gt;
[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl Sanskrit Dictionary] Monier Williams and other DICT dictionaries&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Sanskrit_Taskbar_for_Microsoft_Word Sanskrit Trabsliteration]] UniCode transliteration standard&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Secret Doctrine Articles|Secret Doctrine]] articles for the Book of Dzyan Blog&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Semiotische driehoek]], De - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Stem van de Stilte]], De Wereld achter het Werk [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Stok]], J.E. van der -, Talks and Addresses&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=T=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Talks and Addresses]]: lectures by J.E. van der Stok&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Theosophical History (Diagrams)]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thierens]] A.E., &amp;quot;founder of astrology in the Netherlands&amp;quot;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Topocentrische plaatsbepaling]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Tree of Science]], Asking &amp;quot;Why, why, why?&amp;quot; or the - (on Richard Feynman and the advancement of science)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=U=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Unicode]] transliteration standard for Sanskrit&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=V=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Verwondering]], Momenten van - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=W=&lt;br /&gt;
[[Wiskunde]], Waarom is - zo&#039;n effectief middel in het beschrijven van natuurkundige verschijnselen? [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Y=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Yoga Sutra]]&#039;s, Het hart van Patañjali&#039;s - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Z=&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=1392</id>
		<title>Main Page</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=1392"/>
		<updated>2025-06-17T14:52:07Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: /* S */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 25px; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[#A|A]] [[#B|B]] [[#C|C]] [[#D|D]] [[#E|E]] [[#F|F]] [[#G|G]] [[#H|H]] [[#I|I]] [[#J|J]] [[#K|K]] [[#L|L]] [[#M|M]] [[#N|N]] [[#O|O]] [[#P|P]] [[#Q|Q]] [[#R|R]] [[#S|S]] [[#T|T]] [[#U|U]] [[#V|V]] [[#W|W]] [[#X|X]] [[#Y|Y]] [[#Z|Z]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{| cellpadding=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #f4f4f4; border: 1px; border-color: #b4b4b4; border-style: outset; padding: 0px; margin-left: -2px; width: 80%;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;width: 50%; vertical-align:top;&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h1 style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 0px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;A&amp;lt;/h1&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
__NOTOC__ &lt;br /&gt;
[[APC Houses]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Asanga]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Ascendant-Parallelcirkelsysteem]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Astrologen doen maar wat]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Astrology]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Authorship Attribution Method]], Applied to the Buddhist Scriptures of Ārya Asaṅga, A Statistical -&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=B=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Buddhism]], some links&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Book of Dzyan]] web site &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Book of the Universe]] The, - (On Max Tegmark&#039;s Mathematical Universe Hypothesis)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=C=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Circle]], The -, or the Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Contact]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Cosmografie]] voor astrologen  [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=D=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Diagram of Meditation]] dictated by H.P. Blavatsky to E.T. Sturdy around 1887&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Dierenriem]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Dzyan]], A Diagram on the Origin of the Book of -&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=E=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Eckhart]] De Drieheid: Johannes Eckhart, proeve van vertaling [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=F=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Facebook]] pages &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Feynman]], Richard - (the physicist)&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=G=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=H=&lt;br /&gt;
[[Hypothetische Planeten]], De posities van de - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=I=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=J=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=K=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--[[Kalacakra]] Notes on the chronology of the Kalacakratantra&amp;lt;br /--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Krishnamurti]]&#039;s &amp;quot;keuzeloos gewaarzijn&amp;quot; [[File:Dutch.gif]]  &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=L=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Labout]], L.W.J., tekening De Zeven Evolutiesystemen van het Zonnestelsel [[File:Dutch.gif]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Lamp]] Sri Ram, Een - te zijn voor jezelf: de praktijk van mindfulness [[File:Dutch.gif]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Licht van Azië]] (fragment om voor te lezen) [[File:Dutch.gif]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=M=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=N=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Natuurkunde in de theosofische literatuur]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=O=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=P=&lt;br /&gt;
[[Pranavavada]] Manuscripts&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Q=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=R=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=S=&lt;br /&gt;
[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl Sanskrit Dictionary] Monier Williams and other DICT dictionaries&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Sanskrit | Sanskrit_Taskbar_for_Microsoft_Word]] UniCode transliteration standard&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Secret Doctrine Articles|Secret Doctrine]] articles for the Book of Dzyan Blog&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Semiotische driehoek]], De - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Stem van de Stilte]], De Wereld achter het Werk [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Stok]], J.E. van der -, Talks and Addresses&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=T=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Talks and Addresses]]: lectures by J.E. van der Stok&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Theosophical History (Diagrams)]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thierens]] A.E., &amp;quot;founder of astrology in the Netherlands&amp;quot;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Topocentrische plaatsbepaling]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Tree of Science]], Asking &amp;quot;Why, why, why?&amp;quot; or the - (on Richard Feynman and the advancement of science)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=U=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Unicode]] transliteration standard for Sanskrit&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=V=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Verwondering]], Momenten van - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=W=&lt;br /&gt;
[[Wiskunde]], Waarom is - zo&#039;n effectief middel in het beschrijven van natuurkundige verschijnselen? [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Y=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Yoga Sutra]]&#039;s, Het hart van Patañjali&#039;s - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Z=&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=1391</id>
		<title>Main Page</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=1391"/>
		<updated>2025-06-17T14:50:45Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: /* S */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 25px; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[#A|A]] [[#B|B]] [[#C|C]] [[#D|D]] [[#E|E]] [[#F|F]] [[#G|G]] [[#H|H]] [[#I|I]] [[#J|J]] [[#K|K]] [[#L|L]] [[#M|M]] [[#N|N]] [[#O|O]] [[#P|P]] [[#Q|Q]] [[#R|R]] [[#S|S]] [[#T|T]] [[#U|U]] [[#V|V]] [[#W|W]] [[#X|X]] [[#Y|Y]] [[#Z|Z]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{| cellpadding=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #f4f4f4; border: 1px; border-color: #b4b4b4; border-style: outset; padding: 0px; margin-left: -2px; width: 80%;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;width: 50%; vertical-align:top;&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h1 style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 0px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;A&amp;lt;/h1&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
__NOTOC__ &lt;br /&gt;
[[APC Houses]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Asanga]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Ascendant-Parallelcirkelsysteem]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Astrologen doen maar wat]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Astrology]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Authorship Attribution Method]], Applied to the Buddhist Scriptures of Ārya Asaṅga, A Statistical -&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=B=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Buddhism]], some links&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Book of Dzyan]] web site &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Book of the Universe]] The, - (On Max Tegmark&#039;s Mathematical Universe Hypothesis)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=C=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Circle]], The -, or the Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Contact]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Cosmografie]] voor astrologen  [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=D=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Diagram of Meditation]] dictated by H.P. Blavatsky to E.T. Sturdy around 1887&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Dierenriem]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Dzyan]], A Diagram on the Origin of the Book of -&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=E=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Eckhart]] De Drieheid: Johannes Eckhart, proeve van vertaling [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=F=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Facebook]] pages &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Feynman]], Richard - (the physicist)&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=G=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=H=&lt;br /&gt;
[[Hypothetische Planeten]], De posities van de - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=I=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=J=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=K=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--[[Kalacakra]] Notes on the chronology of the Kalacakratantra&amp;lt;br /--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Krishnamurti]]&#039;s &amp;quot;keuzeloos gewaarzijn&amp;quot; [[File:Dutch.gif]]  &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=L=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Labout]], L.W.J., tekening De Zeven Evolutiesystemen van het Zonnestelsel [[File:Dutch.gif]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Lamp]] Sri Ram, Een - te zijn voor jezelf: de praktijk van mindfulness [[File:Dutch.gif]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Licht van Azië]] (fragment om voor te lezen) [[File:Dutch.gif]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=M=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=N=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Natuurkunde in de theosofische literatuur]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=O=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=P=&lt;br /&gt;
[[Pranavavada]] Manuscripts&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Q=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=R=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=S=&lt;br /&gt;
[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl Sanskrit Dictionary] Monier Williams and other DICT dictionaries&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Sanskrit]] UniCode transliteration standard&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Secret Doctrine Articles|Secret Doctrine]] articles for the Book of Dzyan Blog&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Semiotische driehoek]], De - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Stem van de Stilte]], De Wereld achter het Werk [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Stok]], J.E. van der -, Talks and Addresses&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=T=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Talks and Addresses]]: lectures by J.E. van der Stok&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Theosophical History (Diagrams)]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thierens]] A.E., &amp;quot;founder of astrology in the Netherlands&amp;quot;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Topocentrische plaatsbepaling]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Tree of Science]], Asking &amp;quot;Why, why, why?&amp;quot; or the - (on Richard Feynman and the advancement of science)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=U=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Unicode]] transliteration standard for Sanskrit&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=V=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Verwondering]], Momenten van - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=W=&lt;br /&gt;
[[Wiskunde]], Waarom is - zo&#039;n effectief middel in het beschrijven van natuurkundige verschijnselen? [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Y=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Yoga Sutra]]&#039;s, Het hart van Patañjali&#039;s - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Z=&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Stok&amp;diff=1390</id>
		<title>Stok</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Stok&amp;diff=1390"/>
		<updated>2025-06-17T14:47:23Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: Redirected page to Talks and Addresses&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;#REDIRECT [[Talks and Addresses]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=1389</id>
		<title>Main Page</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=1389"/>
		<updated>2025-06-17T14:42:45Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: /* S */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 25px; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[#A|A]] [[#B|B]] [[#C|C]] [[#D|D]] [[#E|E]] [[#F|F]] [[#G|G]] [[#H|H]] [[#I|I]] [[#J|J]] [[#K|K]] [[#L|L]] [[#M|M]] [[#N|N]] [[#O|O]] [[#P|P]] [[#Q|Q]] [[#R|R]] [[#S|S]] [[#T|T]] [[#U|U]] [[#V|V]] [[#W|W]] [[#X|X]] [[#Y|Y]] [[#Z|Z]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{| cellpadding=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #f4f4f4; border: 1px; border-color: #b4b4b4; border-style: outset; padding: 0px; margin-left: -2px; width: 80%;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;width: 50%; vertical-align:top;&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h1 style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 0px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;A&amp;lt;/h1&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
__NOTOC__ &lt;br /&gt;
[[APC Houses]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Asanga]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Ascendant-Parallelcirkelsysteem]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Astrologen doen maar wat]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Astrology]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Authorship Attribution Method]], Applied to the Buddhist Scriptures of Ārya Asaṅga, A Statistical -&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=B=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Buddhism]], some links&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Book of Dzyan]] web site &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Book of the Universe]] The, - (On Max Tegmark&#039;s Mathematical Universe Hypothesis)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=C=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Circle]], The -, or the Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Contact]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Cosmografie]] voor astrologen  [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=D=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Diagram of Meditation]] dictated by H.P. Blavatsky to E.T. Sturdy around 1887&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Dierenriem]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Dzyan]], A Diagram on the Origin of the Book of -&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=E=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Eckhart]] De Drieheid: Johannes Eckhart, proeve van vertaling [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=F=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Facebook]] pages &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Feynman]], Richard - (the physicist)&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=G=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=H=&lt;br /&gt;
[[Hypothetische Planeten]], De posities van de - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=I=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=J=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=K=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--[[Kalacakra]] Notes on the chronology of the Kalacakratantra&amp;lt;br /--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Krishnamurti]]&#039;s &amp;quot;keuzeloos gewaarzijn&amp;quot; [[File:Dutch.gif]]  &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=L=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Labout]], L.W.J., tekening De Zeven Evolutiesystemen van het Zonnestelsel [[File:Dutch.gif]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Lamp]] Sri Ram, Een - te zijn voor jezelf: de praktijk van mindfulness [[File:Dutch.gif]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Licht van Azië]] (fragment om voor te lezen) [[File:Dutch.gif]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=M=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=N=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Natuurkunde in de theosofische literatuur]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=O=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=P=&lt;br /&gt;
[[Pranavavada]] Manuscripts&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Q=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=R=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=S=&lt;br /&gt;
[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl Sanskrit Dictionary] Monier Williams and other DICT dictionaries&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Secret Doctrine Articles|Secret Doctrine]] articles for the Book of Dzyan Blog&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Semiotische driehoek]], De - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Stem van de Stilte]], De Wereld achter het Werk [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Stok]], J.E. van der -, Talks and Addresses&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=T=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Talks and Addresses]]: lectures by J.E. van der Stok&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Theosophical History (Diagrams)]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thierens]] A.E., &amp;quot;founder of astrology in the Netherlands&amp;quot;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Topocentrische plaatsbepaling]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Tree of Science]], Asking &amp;quot;Why, why, why?&amp;quot; or the - (on Richard Feynman and the advancement of science)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=U=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Unicode]] transliteration standard for Sanskrit&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=V=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Verwondering]], Momenten van - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=W=&lt;br /&gt;
[[Wiskunde]], Waarom is - zo&#039;n effectief middel in het beschrijven van natuurkundige verschijnselen? [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Y=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Yoga Sutra]]&#039;s, Het hart van Patañjali&#039;s - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Z=&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=1388</id>
		<title>Main Page</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=1388"/>
		<updated>2024-12-29T18:43:33Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: /* T */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 25px; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[#A|A]] [[#B|B]] [[#C|C]] [[#D|D]] [[#E|E]] [[#F|F]] [[#G|G]] [[#H|H]] [[#I|I]] [[#J|J]] [[#K|K]] [[#L|L]] [[#M|M]] [[#N|N]] [[#O|O]] [[#P|P]] [[#Q|Q]] [[#R|R]] [[#S|S]] [[#T|T]] [[#U|U]] [[#V|V]] [[#W|W]] [[#X|X]] [[#Y|Y]] [[#Z|Z]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{| cellpadding=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #f4f4f4; border: 1px; border-color: #b4b4b4; border-style: outset; padding: 0px; margin-left: -2px; width: 80%;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;width: 50%; vertical-align:top;&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h1 style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 0px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;A&amp;lt;/h1&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
__NOTOC__ &lt;br /&gt;
[[APC Houses]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Asanga]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Ascendant-Parallelcirkelsysteem]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Astrologen doen maar wat]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Astrology]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Authorship Attribution Method]], Applied to the Buddhist Scriptures of Ārya Asaṅga, A Statistical -&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=B=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Buddhism]], some links&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Book of Dzyan]] web site &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Book of the Universe]] The, - (On Max Tegmark&#039;s Mathematical Universe Hypothesis)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=C=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Circle]], The -, or the Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Contact]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Cosmografie]] voor astrologen  [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=D=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Diagram of Meditation]] dictated by H.P. Blavatsky to E.T. Sturdy around 1887&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Dierenriem]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Dzyan]], A Diagram on the Origin of the Book of -&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=E=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Eckhart]] De Drieheid: Johannes Eckhart, proeve van vertaling [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=F=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Facebook]] pages &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Feynman]], Richard - (the physicist)&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=G=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=H=&lt;br /&gt;
[[Hypothetische Planeten]], De posities van de - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=I=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=J=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=K=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--[[Kalacakra]] Notes on the chronology of the Kalacakratantra&amp;lt;br /--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Krishnamurti]]&#039;s &amp;quot;keuzeloos gewaarzijn&amp;quot; [[File:Dutch.gif]]  &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=L=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Labout]], L.W.J., tekening De Zeven Evolutiesystemen van het Zonnestelsel [[File:Dutch.gif]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Lamp]] Sri Ram, Een - te zijn voor jezelf: de praktijk van mindfulness [[File:Dutch.gif]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Licht van Azië]] (fragment om voor te lezen) [[File:Dutch.gif]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=M=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=N=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Natuurkunde in de theosofische literatuur]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=O=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=P=&lt;br /&gt;
[[Pranavavada]] Manuscripts&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Q=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=R=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=S=&lt;br /&gt;
[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl Sanskrit Dictionary] Monier Williams and other DICT dictionaries&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Secret Doctrine Articles|Secret Doctrine]] articles for the Book of Dzyan Blog&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Semiotische driehoek]], De - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Stem van de Stilte]], De Wereld achter het Werk [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=T=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Talks and Addresses]]: lectures by J.E. van der Stok&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Theosophical History (Diagrams)]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thierens]] A.E., &amp;quot;founder of astrology in the Netherlands&amp;quot;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Topocentrische plaatsbepaling]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Tree of Science]], Asking &amp;quot;Why, why, why?&amp;quot; or the - (on Richard Feynman and the advancement of science)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=U=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Unicode]] transliteration standard for Sanskrit&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=V=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Verwondering]], Momenten van - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=W=&lt;br /&gt;
[[Wiskunde]], Waarom is - zo&#039;n effectief middel in het beschrijven van natuurkundige verschijnselen? [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Y=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Yoga Sutra]]&#039;s, Het hart van Patañjali&#039;s - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Z=&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Talks_and_Addresses&amp;diff=1387</id>
		<title>Talks and Addresses</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Talks_and_Addresses&amp;diff=1387"/>
		<updated>2024-12-29T18:42:01Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;table border=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;6&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;650&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td colspan=5 align=&amp;quot;center&amp;quot;&amp;gt;J.E. van der Stok - Talks and Addresses&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;Resolution&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;Compression&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;File Format&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;Download&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;dpi&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;JPG&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;MB&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;35%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg35.pdf 53]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;50%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg50.pdf 67]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;75%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg75.pdf 102]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;200&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;35%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20200dpi%20-%20jpg35.pdf 83]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;200&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;85%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20200dpi%20-%20jpg85.pdf 215]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;300&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;none&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PNG/ZIP&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20png%20format%20-%20300dpi.zip 2996]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Grayscale&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;75%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg75%20-%20bw.pdf 89]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Grayscale&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;50%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg50%20-%20bw.pdf 67]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Grayscale&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;300&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;none&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PNG/ZIP&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-png%20format%20-%20300dpi%20-%20bw.zip 324]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Talks_and_Addresses&amp;diff=1386</id>
		<title>Talks and Addresses</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Talks_and_Addresses&amp;diff=1386"/>
		<updated>2024-12-29T18:40:28Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;table border=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;6&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;650&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td colspan=5 align=&amp;quot;center&amp;quot;&amp;gt;J.E. van der Stok - Talks and Addresses&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;Resolution&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;Compression&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;File Format&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;Download&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;dpi&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;JPG&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;MB&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;35%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg35.pdf 53]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;50%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg50.pdf 67]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;75%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg75.pdf 102]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;200&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;35%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20200dpi%20-%20jpg35.pdf 83]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;200&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;85%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20200dpi%20-%20jpg85.pdf 215]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;300&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;none&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PNG/ZIP&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20png format%20-%20300dpi.zip 2996]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Grayscale&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;75%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg75%20-%20bw.pdf 89]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Grayscale&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;50%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg50%20-%20bw.pdf 67]&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Grayscale&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;300&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;none&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PNG/ZIP&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[&#039;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-png format%20-%20300dpi%20-%20bw.zip&#039; 324]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Talks_and_Addresses&amp;diff=1385</id>
		<title>Talks and Addresses</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Talks_and_Addresses&amp;diff=1385"/>
		<updated>2024-12-29T18:38:13Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;table border=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;6&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;650&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td colspan=5 align=&amp;quot;center&amp;quot;&amp;gt;J.E. van der Stok - Talks and Addresses&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;Resolution&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;Compression&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;File Format&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;Download&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;dpi&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;JPG&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;MB&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;35%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg35.pdf 53]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;50%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg50.pdf 67]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;75%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg75.pdf 102]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;200&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;35%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20200dpi%20-%20jpg35.pdf 83]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;200&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;85%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20200dpi%20-%20jpg85.pdf 215]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;300&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;none&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PNG/ZIP&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20png format%20-%20300dpi.zip 2996]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Grayscale&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;75%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg75%20-%20bw.pdf 89]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Grayscale&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;50%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg50%20-%20bw.pdf 67]&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Grayscale&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;300&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;none&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PNG/ZIP&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20png format%20-%20300dpi%20-%20bw.zip 324]&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Talks_and_Addresses&amp;diff=1384</id>
		<title>Talks and Addresses</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Talks_and_Addresses&amp;diff=1384"/>
		<updated>2024-12-28T14:27:14Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;table border=&amp;quot;1&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;6&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;650&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td colspan=5 align=&amp;quot;center&amp;quot;&amp;gt;J.E. van der Stok - Talks and Addresses&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;Resolution&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;Compression&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;File Format&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;Download&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;dpi&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;JPG&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;MB&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;35%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg35.pdf&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;53&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;50%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg50.pdf&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;67&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;75%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg75.pdf&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;102&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;200&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;35%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20200dpi%20-%20jpg35.pdf&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;83&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;200&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;85%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20200dpi%20-%20jpg85.pdf&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;215&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;300&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;none&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PNG/ZIP&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20png format%20-%20300dpi.zip&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;2996&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Grayscale&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;75%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg75%20-%20bw.pdf&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;89&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Grayscale&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;50%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg50%20-%20bw.pdf&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;67&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Grayscale&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;300&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;none&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PNG/ZIP&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20png format%20-%20300dpi%20-%20bw.zip&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;324&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Talks_and_Addresses&amp;diff=1383</id>
		<title>Talks and Addresses</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Talks_and_Addresses&amp;diff=1383"/>
		<updated>2024-12-28T14:25:54Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;table border=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;6&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;650&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td colspan=5 align=&amp;quot;center&amp;quot;&amp;gt;J.E. van der Stok - Talks and Addresses&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;Resolution&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;Compression&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;File Format&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;Download&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;dpi&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;JPG&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;MB&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;35%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg35.pdf&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;53&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;50%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg50.pdf&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;67&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;75%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg75.pdf&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;102&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;200&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;35%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20200dpi%20-%20jpg35.pdf&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;83&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;200&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;85%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20200dpi%20-%20jpg85.pdf&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;215&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;300&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;none&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PNG/ZIP&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20png format%20-%20300dpi.zip&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;2996&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Grayscale&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;75%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg75%20-%20bw.pdf&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;89&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Grayscale&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;50%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg50%20-%20bw.pdf&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;67&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Grayscale&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;300&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;none&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PNG/ZIP&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20png format%20-%20300dpi%20-%20bw.zip&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;324&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/table&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Talks_and_Addresses&amp;diff=1382</id>
		<title>Talks and Addresses</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Talks_and_Addresses&amp;diff=1382"/>
		<updated>2024-12-28T14:25:16Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: Created page with &amp;quot;&amp;lt;ol&amp;gt;  &amp;lt;table border=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;6&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;650&amp;quot;&amp;gt;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td colspan=5 align=&amp;quot;center&amp;quot;&amp;gt;J.E. van der Stok - Talks and Addresses&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;    &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;     &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;     &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;ol&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;table border=&amp;quot;3&amp;quot; cellpadding=&amp;quot;6&amp;quot; width=&amp;quot;650&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&amp;lt;td colspan=5 align=&amp;quot;center&amp;quot;&amp;gt;J.E. van der Stok - Talks and Addresses&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;Resolution&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;Compression&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;File Format&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;th&amp;gt;Download&amp;lt;/th&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;dpi&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;JPG&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;MB&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;35%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg35.pdf&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;53&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;50%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg50.pdf&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;67&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;75%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg75.pdf&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;102&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;200&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;35%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20200dpi%20-%20jpg35.pdf&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;83&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;200&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;85%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20200dpi%20-%20jpg85.pdf&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;215&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Colour&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;300&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;none&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PNG/ZIP&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20png format%20-%20300dpi.zip&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;2996&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Grayscale&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;75%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg75%20-%20bw.pdf&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;89&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Grayscale&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;150&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;50%&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PDF&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20Talks%20and%20Addresses%20-%20150dpi%20-%20jpg50%20-%20bw.pdf&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;67&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;Grayscale&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;300&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;none&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td&amp;gt;PNG/ZIP&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
    &amp;lt;td align=&amp;quot;right&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&amp;lt;a href=&amp;quot;http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl/ebooks/Stok,%20Van%20der%20-%20png format%20-%20300dpi%20-%20bw.zip&amp;quot; target=&amp;quot;_blank&amp;quot;&amp;gt;324&amp;lt;/a&amp;gt;&amp;lt;/td&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
  &amp;lt;/tr&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/table&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/ol&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=1381</id>
		<title>Main Page</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=1381"/>
		<updated>2024-12-28T14:24:33Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: /* T */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 25px; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[#A|A]] [[#B|B]] [[#C|C]] [[#D|D]] [[#E|E]] [[#F|F]] [[#G|G]] [[#H|H]] [[#I|I]] [[#J|J]] [[#K|K]] [[#L|L]] [[#M|M]] [[#N|N]] [[#O|O]] [[#P|P]] [[#Q|Q]] [[#R|R]] [[#S|S]] [[#T|T]] [[#U|U]] [[#V|V]] [[#W|W]] [[#X|X]] [[#Y|Y]] [[#Z|Z]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{| cellpadding=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #f4f4f4; border: 1px; border-color: #b4b4b4; border-style: outset; padding: 0px; margin-left: -2px; width: 80%;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;width: 50%; vertical-align:top;&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h1 style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 0px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;A&amp;lt;/h1&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
__NOTOC__ &lt;br /&gt;
[[APC Houses]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Asanga]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Ascendant-Parallelcirkelsysteem]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Astrologen doen maar wat]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Astrology]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Authorship Attribution Method]], Applied to the Buddhist Scriptures of Ārya Asaṅga, A Statistical -&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=B=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Buddhism]], some links&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Book of Dzyan]] web site &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Book of the Universe]] The, - (On Max Tegmark&#039;s Mathematical Universe Hypothesis)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=C=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Circle]], The -, or the Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Contact]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Cosmografie]] voor astrologen  [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=D=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Diagram of Meditation]] dictated by H.P. Blavatsky to E.T. Sturdy around 1887&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Dierenriem]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Dzyan]], A Diagram on the Origin of the Book of -&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=E=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Eckhart]] De Drieheid: Johannes Eckhart, proeve van vertaling [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=F=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Facebook]] pages &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Feynman]], Richard - (the physicist)&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=G=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=H=&lt;br /&gt;
[[Hypothetische Planeten]], De posities van de - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=I=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=J=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=K=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--[[Kalacakra]] Notes on the chronology of the Kalacakratantra&amp;lt;br /--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Krishnamurti]]&#039;s &amp;quot;keuzeloos gewaarzijn&amp;quot; [[File:Dutch.gif]]  &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=L=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Labout]], L.W.J., tekening De Zeven Evolutiesystemen van het Zonnestelsel [[File:Dutch.gif]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Lamp]] Sri Ram, Een - te zijn voor jezelf: de praktijk van mindfulness [[File:Dutch.gif]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Licht van Azië]] (fragment om voor te lezen) [[File:Dutch.gif]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=M=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=N=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Natuurkunde in de theosofische literatuur]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=O=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=P=&lt;br /&gt;
[[Pranavavada]] Manuscripts&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Q=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=R=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=S=&lt;br /&gt;
[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl Sanskrit Dictionary] Monier Williams and other DICT dictionaries&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Secret Doctrine Articles|Secret Doctrine]] articles for the Book of Dzyan Blog&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Semiotische driehoek]], De - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Stem van de Stilte]], De Wereld achter het Werk [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=T=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Talks and Addresses]] lectures by J.E. van der Stok&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Theosophical History (Diagrams)]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thierens]] A.E., &amp;quot;founder of astrology in the Netherlands&amp;quot;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Topocentrische plaatsbepaling]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Tree of Science]], Asking &amp;quot;Why, why, why?&amp;quot; or the - (on Richard Feynman and the advancement of science)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=U=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Unicode]] transliteration standard for Sanskrit&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=V=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Verwondering]], Momenten van - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=W=&lt;br /&gt;
[[Wiskunde]], Waarom is - zo&#039;n effectief middel in het beschrijven van natuurkundige verschijnselen? [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Y=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Yoga Sutra]]&#039;s, Het hart van Patañjali&#039;s - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Z=&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=1380</id>
		<title>Main Page</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=1380"/>
		<updated>2024-12-28T14:23:39Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: /* T */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&amp;lt;p style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 25px; margin-bottom: 20px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[#A|A]] [[#B|B]] [[#C|C]] [[#D|D]] [[#E|E]] [[#F|F]] [[#G|G]] [[#H|H]] [[#I|I]] [[#J|J]] [[#K|K]] [[#L|L]] [[#M|M]] [[#N|N]] [[#O|O]] [[#P|P]] [[#Q|Q]] [[#R|R]] [[#S|S]] [[#T|T]] [[#U|U]] [[#V|V]] [[#W|W]] [[#X|X]] [[#Y|Y]] [[#Z|Z]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/p&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
{| cellpadding=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot; cellspacing=&amp;quot;10&amp;quot; style=&amp;quot;background-color: #f4f4f4; border: 1px; border-color: #b4b4b4; border-style: outset; padding: 0px; margin-left: -2px; width: 80%;&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
|- &lt;br /&gt;
| style=&amp;quot;width: 50%; vertical-align:top;&amp;quot;|&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;h1 style=&amp;quot;margin-top: 0px;&amp;quot;&amp;gt;A&amp;lt;/h1&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
__NOTOC__ &lt;br /&gt;
[[APC Houses]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Asanga]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Ascendant-Parallelcirkelsysteem]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Astrologen doen maar wat]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Astrology]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Authorship Attribution Method]], Applied to the Buddhist Scriptures of Ārya Asaṅga, A Statistical -&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=B=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Buddhism]], some links&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Book of Dzyan]] web site &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Book of the Universe]] The, - (On Max Tegmark&#039;s Mathematical Universe Hypothesis)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=C=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Circle]], The -, or the Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Contact]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Cosmografie]] voor astrologen  [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=D=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Diagram of Meditation]] dictated by H.P. Blavatsky to E.T. Sturdy around 1887&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Dierenriem]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Dzyan]], A Diagram on the Origin of the Book of -&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=E=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Eckhart]] De Drieheid: Johannes Eckhart, proeve van vertaling [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=F=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Facebook]] pages &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Feynman]], Richard - (the physicist)&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=G=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=H=&lt;br /&gt;
[[Hypothetische Planeten]], De posities van de - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=I=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=J=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=K=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;!--[[Kalacakra]] Notes on the chronology of the Kalacakratantra&amp;lt;br /--&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Krishnamurti]]&#039;s &amp;quot;keuzeloos gewaarzijn&amp;quot; [[File:Dutch.gif]]  &amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=L=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Labout]], L.W.J., tekening De Zeven Evolutiesystemen van het Zonnestelsel [[File:Dutch.gif]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Lamp]] Sri Ram, Een - te zijn voor jezelf: de praktijk van mindfulness [[File:Dutch.gif]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Licht van Azië]] (fragment om voor te lezen) [[File:Dutch.gif]] &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=M=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=N=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Natuurkunde in de theosofische literatuur]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=O=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=P=&lt;br /&gt;
[[Pranavavada]] Manuscripts&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Q=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=R=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=S=&lt;br /&gt;
[http://vps.ingmardeboer.nl Sanskrit Dictionary] Monier Williams and other DICT dictionaries&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Secret Doctrine Articles|Secret Doctrine]] articles for the Book of Dzyan Blog&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Semiotische driehoek]], De - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Stem van de Stilte]], De Wereld achter het Werk [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=T=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Talks and Addresses]] lectures by Prof. J.E. van der Stok&lt;br /&gt;
[[Theosophical History (Diagrams)]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thierens]] A.E., &amp;quot;founder of astrology in the Netherlands&amp;quot;&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Topocentrische plaatsbepaling]] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Tree of Science]], Asking &amp;quot;Why, why, why?&amp;quot; or the - (on Richard Feynman and the advancement of science)&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=U=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Unicode]] transliteration standard for Sanskrit&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=V=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Verwondering]], Momenten van - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=W=&lt;br /&gt;
[[Wiskunde]], Waarom is - zo&#039;n effectief middel in het beschrijven van natuurkundige verschijnselen? [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Y=&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Yoga Sutra]]&#039;s, Het hart van Patañjali&#039;s - [[File:Dutch.gif]]&amp;lt;br /&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=Z=&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1379</id>
		<title>Theosophical History (Diagrams)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1379"/>
		<updated>2024-10-25T22:15:15Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: /* Modern Theosophical Movement Including Many of its Offshoots: A Tree Diagram File:Dutch.gif */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Modern Theosophical Movement: A Simplified Diagram==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS_afsplitsingen_-_transp.png|500px|Modern Theosophical Movement, Simplified]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Modern Theosophical Movement Including Many of its Offshoots: A Tree Diagram [[File:Dutch.gif]]==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I often use this diagram when trying to illustrate the fertility of the theosophical movement since its beginnings in 1875. As far as I know it was designed by Ronald Engelse in the 1980-ies. (Click the image to view original scale.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS-stamboom_-_2.jpg|800px|Modern Theosophical Movement Including Offshoots]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Theosophical History: Overview of Branches of the Society==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the web site of the [https://blavatskyhouse.org/ Point Loma branch, Blavatskyhouse, The Hague], now abbreviated as TSPL, until recently we could find an alternative version of theosophical history, in particular in the yellow-coloured tree-diagram quoted below. The diagram shows the Theosophical Society Adyar &amp;quot;seceding&amp;quot; in 1895, and the Adyar branch is missing in the diagram. At this moment (2022) the Adyar branch is more than 10 times larger in members than the Point Loma branch, and like the Point Loma Branch, it has existed (and has flourished) since the foundation of the society in 1875.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Stamboom_768_1087_s_c1_c_c.gif|Alternative version of history]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a creative mood, I have made this adjusted version of the diagram, in green:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:History_of_the_TS_Branches_-_1_-_smaller.jpg|Adjusted version]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Ninth Convention of the American Section of the Theosophical Society 1895==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In these proceedings we find how the American Section became independent from the Theosophical Society on April 28, 1895. (&amp;quot;seceded&amp;quot;) It was then coined the &amp;quot;Theosophical Society in America&amp;quot;. In 1909 the United Lodges of Theosophists (ULT) was (were) formed by theosophists from both the Theosophical Society and the Theosophical Society in America. Later, more organisations came forth from, or on the basis of, the Theosophical Society in America, among which there were the Point Loma branch (TSPL), and the Theosophical Society Pasadena. The Theosophical Society is now often called &amp;quot;Theosophical Society (Adyar)&amp;quot; in order to distinguish it from other theosophical branches.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report_-_Transcribed.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings: main passages extracted]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Some Links (TS Adyar)==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-adyar.org/ Theosophical Society Adyar]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.theosofie.nl Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://naarden.theosofie.nl Afdeling Naarden van de Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.itcnaarden.org International Theosophical Centre, Naarden]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-efts.eu/ European Federation of the Theosophical Society]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://adyar-renovation.org/ Adyar Renovation Fund]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://international.theoservice.org/ Theosophical Order of Service]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1378</id>
		<title>Theosophical History (Diagrams)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1378"/>
		<updated>2024-10-25T22:14:08Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: /* The Ninth Convention of the American Section of the Theosophical Society 1895 */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Modern Theosophical Movement: A Simplified Diagram==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS_afsplitsingen_-_transp.png|500px|Modern Theosophical Movement, Simplified]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Modern Theosophical Movement Including Many of its Offshoots: A Tree Diagram [[File:Dutch.gif]]==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I often use this diagram when trying to illustrate the fertility of the theosophical movement since its beginnings in 1875. As far as I know it was designed by Ronald Engelse in the 80-ies of the 20th century. (Click the image to view original scale.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS-stamboom_-_2.jpg|800px|Modern Theosophical Movement Including Offshoots]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Theosophical History: Overview of Branches of the Society==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the web site of the [https://blavatskyhouse.org/ Point Loma branch, Blavatskyhouse, The Hague], now abbreviated as TSPL, until recently we could find an alternative version of theosophical history, in particular in the yellow-coloured tree-diagram quoted below. The diagram shows the Theosophical Society Adyar &amp;quot;seceding&amp;quot; in 1895, and the Adyar branch is missing in the diagram. At this moment (2022) the Adyar branch is more than 10 times larger in members than the Point Loma branch, and like the Point Loma Branch, it has existed (and has flourished) since the foundation of the society in 1875.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Stamboom_768_1087_s_c1_c_c.gif|Alternative version of history]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a creative mood, I have made this adjusted version of the diagram, in green:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:History_of_the_TS_Branches_-_1_-_smaller.jpg|Adjusted version]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Ninth Convention of the American Section of the Theosophical Society 1895==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In these proceedings we find how the American Section became independent from the Theosophical Society on April 28, 1895. (&amp;quot;seceded&amp;quot;) It was then coined the &amp;quot;Theosophical Society in America&amp;quot;. In 1909 the United Lodges of Theosophists (ULT) was (were) formed by theosophists from both the Theosophical Society and the Theosophical Society in America. Later, more organisations came forth from, or on the basis of, the Theosophical Society in America, among which there were the Point Loma branch (TSPL), and the Theosophical Society Pasadena. The Theosophical Society is now often called &amp;quot;Theosophical Society (Adyar)&amp;quot; in order to distinguish it from other theosophical branches.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report_-_Transcribed.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings: main passages extracted]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Some Links (TS Adyar)==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-adyar.org/ Theosophical Society Adyar]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.theosofie.nl Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://naarden.theosofie.nl Afdeling Naarden van de Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.itcnaarden.org International Theosophical Centre, Naarden]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-efts.eu/ European Federation of the Theosophical Society]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://adyar-renovation.org/ Adyar Renovation Fund]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://international.theoservice.org/ Theosophical Order of Service]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1377</id>
		<title>Theosophical History (Diagrams)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1377"/>
		<updated>2024-10-25T22:12:08Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: /* The Ninth Convention of the American Section of the Theosophical Society 1895 */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Modern Theosophical Movement: A Simplified Diagram==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS_afsplitsingen_-_transp.png|500px|Modern Theosophical Movement, Simplified]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Modern Theosophical Movement Including Many of its Offshoots: A Tree Diagram [[File:Dutch.gif]]==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I often use this diagram when trying to illustrate the fertility of the theosophical movement since its beginnings in 1875. As far as I know it was designed by Ronald Engelse in the 80-ies of the 20th century. (Click the image to view original scale.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS-stamboom_-_2.jpg|800px|Modern Theosophical Movement Including Offshoots]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Theosophical History: Overview of Branches of the Society==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the web site of the [https://blavatskyhouse.org/ Point Loma branch, Blavatskyhouse, The Hague], now abbreviated as TSPL, until recently we could find an alternative version of theosophical history, in particular in the yellow-coloured tree-diagram quoted below. The diagram shows the Theosophical Society Adyar &amp;quot;seceding&amp;quot; in 1895, and the Adyar branch is missing in the diagram. At this moment (2022) the Adyar branch is more than 10 times larger in members than the Point Loma branch, and like the Point Loma Branch, it has existed (and has flourished) since the foundation of the society in 1875.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Stamboom_768_1087_s_c1_c_c.gif|Alternative version of history]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a creative mood, I have made this adjusted version of the diagram, in green:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:History_of_the_TS_Branches_-_1_-_smaller.jpg|Adjusted version]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Ninth Convention of the American Section of the Theosophical Society 1895==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In these proceedings we find how the American Section &amp;quot;seceded&amp;quot;, or became independent of the Theosophical Society on April 28, 1895. It was then coined the &amp;quot;Theosophical Society in America&amp;quot;. In 1909 the United Lodges of Theosophists (ULT) was (were) formed by theosophists from both the Theosophical Society and the Theosophical Society in America. Later, more organisations came forth from, or on the basis of, the Theosophical Society in America, among which there were the Point Loma branch (TSPL), and the Theosophical Society Pasadena. The Theosophical Society is now often called &amp;quot;Theosophical Society (Adyar)&amp;quot; in order to distinguish it from other theosophical branches.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report_-_Transcribed.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings: main passages extracted]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Some Links (TS Adyar)==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-adyar.org/ Theosophical Society Adyar]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.theosofie.nl Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://naarden.theosofie.nl Afdeling Naarden van de Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.itcnaarden.org International Theosophical Centre, Naarden]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-efts.eu/ European Federation of the Theosophical Society]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://adyar-renovation.org/ Adyar Renovation Fund]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://international.theoservice.org/ Theosophical Order of Service]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1376</id>
		<title>Theosophical History (Diagrams)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1376"/>
		<updated>2024-10-25T22:09:42Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: /* Modern Theosophical Movement Including Many of its Offshoots: A Tree Diagram File:Dutch.gif */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Modern Theosophical Movement: A Simplified Diagram==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS_afsplitsingen_-_transp.png|500px|Modern Theosophical Movement, Simplified]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Modern Theosophical Movement Including Many of its Offshoots: A Tree Diagram [[File:Dutch.gif]]==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I often use this diagram when trying to illustrate the fertility of the theosophical movement since its beginnings in 1875. As far as I know it was designed by Ronald Engelse in the 80-ies of the 20th century. (Click the image to view original scale.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS-stamboom_-_2.jpg|800px|Modern Theosophical Movement Including Offshoots]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Theosophical History: Overview of Branches of the Society==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the web site of the [https://blavatskyhouse.org/ Point Loma branch, Blavatskyhouse, The Hague], now abbreviated as TSPL, until recently we could find an alternative version of theosophical history, in particular in the yellow-coloured tree-diagram quoted below. The diagram shows the Theosophical Society Adyar &amp;quot;seceding&amp;quot; in 1895, and the Adyar branch is missing in the diagram. At this moment (2022) the Adyar branch is more than 10 times larger in members than the Point Loma branch, and like the Point Loma Branch, it has existed (and has flourished) since the foundation of the society in 1875.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Stamboom_768_1087_s_c1_c_c.gif|Alternative version of history]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a creative mood, I have made this adjusted version of the diagram, in green:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:History_of_the_TS_Branches_-_1_-_smaller.jpg|Adjusted version]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Ninth Convention of the American Section of the Theosophical Society 1895==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In these proceedings we find how the American Section &amp;quot;seceded&amp;quot;, or became independent of the Theosophical Society on April 28, 1895. It was then named the &amp;quot;Theosophical Society in America&amp;quot;. In 1909 the United Lodges of Theosophists (ULT) was (were) formed by theosophists from both the Theosophical Society and the Theosophical Society in America. Later, more organisations came forth from, or on the basis of, the Theosophical Society in America, among which there were the Point Loma branch (TSPL), and the Theosophical Society Pasadena. The Theosophical Society is now often called &amp;quot;Theosophical Society (Adyar)&amp;quot; in order to distinguish it from other theosophical branches.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report_-_Transcribed.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings: main passages extracted]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Some Links (TS Adyar)==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-adyar.org/ Theosophical Society Adyar]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.theosofie.nl Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://naarden.theosofie.nl Afdeling Naarden van de Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.itcnaarden.org International Theosophical Centre, Naarden]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-efts.eu/ European Federation of the Theosophical Society]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://adyar-renovation.org/ Adyar Renovation Fund]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://international.theoservice.org/ Theosophical Order of Service]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1375</id>
		<title>Theosophical History (Diagrams)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1375"/>
		<updated>2024-10-25T22:09:04Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: /* Modern Theosophical Movement Including Offshoots: A Tree Diagram (Non-Exhaustive) File:Dutch.gif */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Modern Theosophical Movement: A Simplified Diagram==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS_afsplitsingen_-_transp.png|500px|Modern Theosophical Movement, Simplified]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Modern Theosophical Movement Including Many of its Offshoots: A Tree Diagram [[File:Dutch.gif]]==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I often use this diagram when trying to illustrate the fertility of the theosophical movement since its beginnings in 1875. As far as I know it was designed by Ronald Engelse in the 80-ies of the 20th century. (Click the image to view original scale.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS-stamboom_-_2.jpg|700px|Modern Theosophical Movement Including Offshoots]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Theosophical History: Overview of Branches of the Society==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the web site of the [https://blavatskyhouse.org/ Point Loma branch, Blavatskyhouse, The Hague], now abbreviated as TSPL, until recently we could find an alternative version of theosophical history, in particular in the yellow-coloured tree-diagram quoted below. The diagram shows the Theosophical Society Adyar &amp;quot;seceding&amp;quot; in 1895, and the Adyar branch is missing in the diagram. At this moment (2022) the Adyar branch is more than 10 times larger in members than the Point Loma branch, and like the Point Loma Branch, it has existed (and has flourished) since the foundation of the society in 1875.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Stamboom_768_1087_s_c1_c_c.gif|Alternative version of history]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a creative mood, I have made this adjusted version of the diagram, in green:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:History_of_the_TS_Branches_-_1_-_smaller.jpg|Adjusted version]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Ninth Convention of the American Section of the Theosophical Society 1895==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In these proceedings we find how the American Section &amp;quot;seceded&amp;quot;, or became independent of the Theosophical Society on April 28, 1895. It was then named the &amp;quot;Theosophical Society in America&amp;quot;. In 1909 the United Lodges of Theosophists (ULT) was (were) formed by theosophists from both the Theosophical Society and the Theosophical Society in America. Later, more organisations came forth from, or on the basis of, the Theosophical Society in America, among which there were the Point Loma branch (TSPL), and the Theosophical Society Pasadena. The Theosophical Society is now often called &amp;quot;Theosophical Society (Adyar)&amp;quot; in order to distinguish it from other theosophical branches.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report_-_Transcribed.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings: main passages extracted]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Some Links (TS Adyar)==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-adyar.org/ Theosophical Society Adyar]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.theosofie.nl Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://naarden.theosofie.nl Afdeling Naarden van de Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.itcnaarden.org International Theosophical Centre, Naarden]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-efts.eu/ European Federation of the Theosophical Society]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://adyar-renovation.org/ Adyar Renovation Fund]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://international.theoservice.org/ Theosophical Order of Service]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1374</id>
		<title>Theosophical History (Diagrams)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1374"/>
		<updated>2024-10-25T22:08:18Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: /* Modern Theosophical Movement: Simplified Diagram */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Modern Theosophical Movement: A Simplified Diagram==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS_afsplitsingen_-_transp.png|500px|Modern Theosophical Movement, Simplified]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Modern Theosophical Movement Including Offshoots: A Tree Diagram (Non-Exhaustive) [[File:Dutch.gif]]==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I often use this diagram when trying to illustrate the fertility of the theosophical movement since its beginnings in 1875. As far as I know it was designed by Ronald Engelse in the 80-ies of the 20th century. (Click the image to view original scale.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS-stamboom_-_2.jpg|700px|Modern Theosophical Movement Including Offshoots]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Theosophical History: Overview of Branches of the Society==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the web site of the [https://blavatskyhouse.org/ Point Loma branch, Blavatskyhouse, The Hague], now abbreviated as TSPL, until recently we could find an alternative version of theosophical history, in particular in the yellow-coloured tree-diagram quoted below. The diagram shows the Theosophical Society Adyar &amp;quot;seceding&amp;quot; in 1895, and the Adyar branch is missing in the diagram. At this moment (2022) the Adyar branch is more than 10 times larger in members than the Point Loma branch, and like the Point Loma Branch, it has existed (and has flourished) since the foundation of the society in 1875.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Stamboom_768_1087_s_c1_c_c.gif|Alternative version of history]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a creative mood, I have made this adjusted version of the diagram, in green:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:History_of_the_TS_Branches_-_1_-_smaller.jpg|Adjusted version]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Ninth Convention of the American Section of the Theosophical Society 1895==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In these proceedings we find how the American Section &amp;quot;seceded&amp;quot;, or became independent of the Theosophical Society on April 28, 1895. It was then named the &amp;quot;Theosophical Society in America&amp;quot;. In 1909 the United Lodges of Theosophists (ULT) was (were) formed by theosophists from both the Theosophical Society and the Theosophical Society in America. Later, more organisations came forth from, or on the basis of, the Theosophical Society in America, among which there were the Point Loma branch (TSPL), and the Theosophical Society Pasadena. The Theosophical Society is now often called &amp;quot;Theosophical Society (Adyar)&amp;quot; in order to distinguish it from other theosophical branches.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report_-_Transcribed.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings: main passages extracted]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Some Links (TS Adyar)==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-adyar.org/ Theosophical Society Adyar]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.theosofie.nl Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://naarden.theosofie.nl Afdeling Naarden van de Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.itcnaarden.org International Theosophical Centre, Naarden]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-efts.eu/ European Federation of the Theosophical Society]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://adyar-renovation.org/ Adyar Renovation Fund]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://international.theoservice.org/ Theosophical Order of Service]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1373</id>
		<title>Theosophical History (Diagrams)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1373"/>
		<updated>2024-10-25T22:05:49Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: /* The Ninth Convention of the American Section of the Theosophical Society 1895 */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Modern Theosophical Movement: Simplified Diagram==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS_afsplitsingen_-_transp.png|500px|Modern Theosophical Movement, Simplified]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Modern Theosophical Movement Including Offshoots: A Tree Diagram (Non-Exhaustive) [[File:Dutch.gif]]==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I often use this diagram when trying to illustrate the fertility of the theosophical movement since its beginnings in 1875. As far as I know it was designed by Ronald Engelse in the 80-ies of the 20th century. (Click the image to view original scale.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS-stamboom_-_2.jpg|700px|Modern Theosophical Movement Including Offshoots]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Theosophical History: Overview of Branches of the Society==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the web site of the [https://blavatskyhouse.org/ Point Loma branch, Blavatskyhouse, The Hague], now abbreviated as TSPL, until recently we could find an alternative version of theosophical history, in particular in the yellow-coloured tree-diagram quoted below. The diagram shows the Theosophical Society Adyar &amp;quot;seceding&amp;quot; in 1895, and the Adyar branch is missing in the diagram. At this moment (2022) the Adyar branch is more than 10 times larger in members than the Point Loma branch, and like the Point Loma Branch, it has existed (and has flourished) since the foundation of the society in 1875.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Stamboom_768_1087_s_c1_c_c.gif|Alternative version of history]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a creative mood, I have made this adjusted version of the diagram, in green:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:History_of_the_TS_Branches_-_1_-_smaller.jpg|Adjusted version]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Ninth Convention of the American Section of the Theosophical Society 1895==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In these proceedings we find how the American Section &amp;quot;seceded&amp;quot;, or became independent of the Theosophical Society on April 28, 1895. It was then named the &amp;quot;Theosophical Society in America&amp;quot;. In 1909 the United Lodges of Theosophists (ULT) was (were) formed by theosophists from both the Theosophical Society and the Theosophical Society in America. Later, more organisations came forth from, or on the basis of, the Theosophical Society in America, among which there were the Point Loma branch (TSPL), and the Theosophical Society Pasadena. The Theosophical Society is now often called &amp;quot;Theosophical Society (Adyar)&amp;quot; in order to distinguish it from other theosophical branches.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report_-_Transcribed.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings: main passages extracted]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Some Links (TS Adyar)==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-adyar.org/ Theosophical Society Adyar]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.theosofie.nl Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://naarden.theosofie.nl Afdeling Naarden van de Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.itcnaarden.org International Theosophical Centre, Naarden]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-efts.eu/ European Federation of the Theosophical Society]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://adyar-renovation.org/ Adyar Renovation Fund]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://international.theoservice.org/ Theosophical Order of Service]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1372</id>
		<title>Theosophical History (Diagrams)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1372"/>
		<updated>2024-10-25T22:04:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: /* Some Links */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Modern Theosophical Movement: Simplified Diagram==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS_afsplitsingen_-_transp.png|500px|Modern Theosophical Movement, Simplified]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Modern Theosophical Movement Including Offshoots: A Tree Diagram (Non-Exhaustive) [[File:Dutch.gif]]==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I often use this diagram when trying to illustrate the fertility of the theosophical movement since its beginnings in 1875. As far as I know it was designed by Ronald Engelse in the 80-ies of the 20th century. (Click the image to view original scale.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS-stamboom_-_2.jpg|700px|Modern Theosophical Movement Including Offshoots]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Theosophical History: Overview of Branches of the Society==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the web site of the [https://blavatskyhouse.org/ Point Loma branch, Blavatskyhouse, The Hague], now abbreviated as TSPL, until recently we could find an alternative version of theosophical history, in particular in the yellow-coloured tree-diagram quoted below. The diagram shows the Theosophical Society Adyar &amp;quot;seceding&amp;quot; in 1895, and the Adyar branch is missing in the diagram. At this moment (2022) the Adyar branch is more than 10 times larger in members than the Point Loma branch, and like the Point Loma Branch, it has existed (and has flourished) since the foundation of the society in 1875.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Stamboom_768_1087_s_c1_c_c.gif|Alternative version of history]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a creative mood, I have made this adjusted version of the diagram, in green:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:History_of_the_TS_Branches_-_1_-_smaller.jpg|Adjusted version]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Ninth Convention of the American Section of the Theosophical Society 1895==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In these proceedings we find how the American Section &amp;quot;seceded&amp;quot;, or became independent of the Theosophical Society on April 28, 1895. It was then named the &amp;quot;Theosophical Society in America&amp;quot;. In 1909 the United Lodges of Theosophists (ULT) was (were) formed by theosophists from both the Theosophical Society and the Theosophical Society in America. Later, more organisations came forth from , or on the basis of, the Theosophical Society in America, among which there were the Point Loma branch (TSPL), and the Theosophical Society Pasadena. The Theosophical Society is now often called &amp;quot;Theosophical Society (Adyar)&amp;quot; in order to distinguish it from other theosophical branches.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report_-_Transcribed.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings: main passages extracted]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Some Links (TS Adyar)==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-adyar.org/ Theosophical Society Adyar]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.theosofie.nl Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://naarden.theosofie.nl Afdeling Naarden van de Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.itcnaarden.org International Theosophical Centre, Naarden]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-efts.eu/ European Federation of the Theosophical Society]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://adyar-renovation.org/ Adyar Renovation Fund]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://international.theoservice.org/ Theosophical Order of Service]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1371</id>
		<title>Theosophical History (Diagrams)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1371"/>
		<updated>2024-10-25T22:03:03Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: /* The Ninth Convention of the American Section of the Theosophical Society 1895 */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Modern Theosophical Movement: Simplified Diagram==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS_afsplitsingen_-_transp.png|500px|Modern Theosophical Movement, Simplified]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Modern Theosophical Movement Including Offshoots: A Tree Diagram (Non-Exhaustive) [[File:Dutch.gif]]==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I often use this diagram when trying to illustrate the fertility of the theosophical movement since its beginnings in 1875. As far as I know it was designed by Ronald Engelse in the 80-ies of the 20th century. (Click the image to view original scale.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS-stamboom_-_2.jpg|700px|Modern Theosophical Movement Including Offshoots]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Theosophical History: Overview of Branches of the Society==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the web site of the [https://blavatskyhouse.org/ Point Loma branch, Blavatskyhouse, The Hague], now abbreviated as TSPL, until recently we could find an alternative version of theosophical history, in particular in the yellow-coloured tree-diagram quoted below. The diagram shows the Theosophical Society Adyar &amp;quot;seceding&amp;quot; in 1895, and the Adyar branch is missing in the diagram. At this moment (2022) the Adyar branch is more than 10 times larger in members than the Point Loma branch, and like the Point Loma Branch, it has existed (and has flourished) since the foundation of the society in 1875.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Stamboom_768_1087_s_c1_c_c.gif|Alternative version of history]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a creative mood, I have made this adjusted version of the diagram, in green:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:History_of_the_TS_Branches_-_1_-_smaller.jpg|Adjusted version]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Ninth Convention of the American Section of the Theosophical Society 1895==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In these proceedings we find how the American Section &amp;quot;seceded&amp;quot;, or became independent of the Theosophical Society on April 28, 1895. It was then named the &amp;quot;Theosophical Society in America&amp;quot;. In 1909 the United Lodges of Theosophists (ULT) was (were) formed by theosophists from both the Theosophical Society and the Theosophical Society in America. Later, more organisations came forth from , or on the basis of, the Theosophical Society in America, among which there were the Point Loma branch (TSPL), and the Theosophical Society Pasadena. The Theosophical Society is now often called &amp;quot;Theosophical Society (Adyar)&amp;quot; in order to distinguish it from other theosophical branches.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report_-_Transcribed.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings: main passages extracted]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Some Links==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-adyar.org/ Theosophical Society Adyar]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.theosofie.nl Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://naarden.theosofie.nl Afdeling Naarden van de Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.itcnaarden.org International Theosophical Centre, Naarden]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-efts.eu/ European Federation of the Theosophical Society]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://adyar-renovation.org/ Adyar Renovation Fund]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://international.theoservice.org/ Theosophical Order of Service]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1370</id>
		<title>Theosophical History (Diagrams)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1370"/>
		<updated>2024-10-25T22:02:01Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: /* The Ninth Convention of the American Section of the Theosophical Society 1895 */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Modern Theosophical Movement: Simplified Diagram==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS_afsplitsingen_-_transp.png|500px|Modern Theosophical Movement, Simplified]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Modern Theosophical Movement Including Offshoots: A Tree Diagram (Non-Exhaustive) [[File:Dutch.gif]]==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I often use this diagram when trying to illustrate the fertility of the theosophical movement since its beginnings in 1875. As far as I know it was designed by Ronald Engelse in the 80-ies of the 20th century. (Click the image to view original scale.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS-stamboom_-_2.jpg|700px|Modern Theosophical Movement Including Offshoots]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Theosophical History: Overview of Branches of the Society==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the web site of the [https://blavatskyhouse.org/ Point Loma branch, Blavatskyhouse, The Hague], now abbreviated as TSPL, until recently we could find an alternative version of theosophical history, in particular in the yellow-coloured tree-diagram quoted below. The diagram shows the Theosophical Society Adyar &amp;quot;seceding&amp;quot; in 1895, and the Adyar branch is missing in the diagram. At this moment (2022) the Adyar branch is more than 10 times larger in members than the Point Loma branch, and like the Point Loma Branch, it has existed (and has flourished) since the foundation of the society in 1875.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Stamboom_768_1087_s_c1_c_c.gif|Alternative version of history]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a creative mood, I have made this adjusted version of the diagram, in green:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:History_of_the_TS_Branches_-_1_-_smaller.jpg|Adjusted version]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Ninth Convention of the American Section of the Theosophical Society 1895==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In these proceedings we find how the American Section &amp;quot;seceded&amp;quot;, or became independent of the Theosophical Society on April 28, 1895. It was then named the &amp;quot;Theosophical Society in America&amp;quot;. In 1909 the United Lodges of Theosophists (ULT) was (were) formed by theosophists from both the TS and the TS in America. Later, more organisations came forth from , or on the basis of, the Theosophical Society in America, among which there were the Point Loma branch (TSPL), and the Theosophical Society Pasadena. The Theosophical Society is now often called &amp;quot;Theosophical Society (Adyar)&amp;quot; in order to distinguish it from other theosophical branches.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report_-_Transcribed.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings: main passages extracted]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Some Links==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-adyar.org/ Theosophical Society Adyar]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.theosofie.nl Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://naarden.theosofie.nl Afdeling Naarden van de Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.itcnaarden.org International Theosophical Centre, Naarden]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-efts.eu/ European Federation of the Theosophical Society]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://adyar-renovation.org/ Adyar Renovation Fund]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://international.theoservice.org/ Theosophical Order of Service]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1369</id>
		<title>Theosophical History (Diagrams)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1369"/>
		<updated>2024-10-25T22:01:27Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: /* The Ninth Convention of the American Section of the Theosophical Society 1895 */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Modern Theosophical Movement: Simplified Diagram==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS_afsplitsingen_-_transp.png|500px|Modern Theosophical Movement, Simplified]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Modern Theosophical Movement Including Offshoots: A Tree Diagram (Non-Exhaustive) [[File:Dutch.gif]]==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I often use this diagram when trying to illustrate the fertility of the theosophical movement since its beginnings in 1875. As far as I know it was designed by Ronald Engelse in the 80-ies of the 20th century. (Click the image to view original scale.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS-stamboom_-_2.jpg|700px|Modern Theosophical Movement Including Offshoots]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Theosophical History: Overview of Branches of the Society==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the web site of the [https://blavatskyhouse.org/ Point Loma branch, Blavatskyhouse, The Hague], now abbreviated as TSPL, until recently we could find an alternative version of theosophical history, in particular in the yellow-coloured tree-diagram quoted below. The diagram shows the Theosophical Society Adyar &amp;quot;seceding&amp;quot; in 1895, and the Adyar branch is missing in the diagram. At this moment (2022) the Adyar branch is more than 10 times larger in members than the Point Loma branch, and like the Point Loma Branch, it has existed (and has flourished) since the foundation of the society in 1875.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Stamboom_768_1087_s_c1_c_c.gif|Alternative version of history]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a creative mood, I have made this adjusted version of the diagram, in green:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:History_of_the_TS_Branches_-_1_-_smaller.jpg|Adjusted version]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Ninth Convention of the American Section of the Theosophical Society 1895==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In these proceedings we find how the American Section &amp;quot;seceded&amp;quot;, or became independent of the Theosophical Society on April 28, 1895. It was then named the &amp;quot;Theosophical Society in America&amp;quot;. In 1909 the United Lodges of Theosophists (ULT) was (were) formed by theosophists from both the TS and the TS in America. Later, more organisations came forth from the Theosophical Society in America, among which there were the Point Loma branch (TSPL), and the Theosophical Society Pasadena. The Theosophical Society is now often called &amp;quot;Theosophical Society (Adyar)&amp;quot; in order to distinguish it from other theosophical branches.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report_-_Transcribed.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings: main passages extracted]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Some Links==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-adyar.org/ Theosophical Society Adyar]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.theosofie.nl Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://naarden.theosofie.nl Afdeling Naarden van de Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.itcnaarden.org International Theosophical Centre, Naarden]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-efts.eu/ European Federation of the Theosophical Society]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://adyar-renovation.org/ Adyar Renovation Fund]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://international.theoservice.org/ Theosophical Order of Service]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1368</id>
		<title>Theosophical History (Diagrams)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1368"/>
		<updated>2024-10-25T21:59:17Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: /* The Ninth Convention of the American Section of the Theosophical Society 1895 */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Modern Theosophical Movement: Simplified Diagram==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS_afsplitsingen_-_transp.png|500px|Modern Theosophical Movement, Simplified]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Modern Theosophical Movement Including Offshoots: A Tree Diagram (Non-Exhaustive) [[File:Dutch.gif]]==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I often use this diagram when trying to illustrate the fertility of the theosophical movement since its beginnings in 1875. As far as I know it was designed by Ronald Engelse in the 80-ies of the 20th century. (Click the image to view original scale.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS-stamboom_-_2.jpg|700px|Modern Theosophical Movement Including Offshoots]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Theosophical History: Overview of Branches of the Society==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the web site of the [https://blavatskyhouse.org/ Point Loma branch, Blavatskyhouse, The Hague], now abbreviated as TSPL, until recently we could find an alternative version of theosophical history, in particular in the yellow-coloured tree-diagram quoted below. The diagram shows the Theosophical Society Adyar &amp;quot;seceding&amp;quot; in 1895, and the Adyar branch is missing in the diagram. At this moment (2022) the Adyar branch is more than 10 times larger in members than the Point Loma branch, and like the Point Loma Branch, it has existed (and has flourished) since the foundation of the society in 1875.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Stamboom_768_1087_s_c1_c_c.gif|Alternative version of history]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a creative mood, I have made this adjusted version of the diagram, in green:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:History_of_the_TS_Branches_-_1_-_smaller.jpg|Adjusted version]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Ninth Convention of the American Section of the Theosophical Society 1895==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In these proceedings we find how the American Section &amp;quot;seceded&amp;quot;, or became independent of the Theosophical Society on April 28, 1895. It was then named the &amp;quot;Theosophical Society in America&amp;quot;. In 1909 the United Lodges of Theosophists (ULT) was (were) formed by theosophists from both the TS and the TS in America. Later, more organisations were formed on the basis of the older Theosophical Society in America, among which there were the Point Loma branch (TSPL), and the Theosophical Society Pasadena. The Theosophical Society is now often called &amp;quot;Theosophical Society (Adyar)&amp;quot; in order to distinguish it from other branches.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report_-_Transcribed.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings: main passages extracted]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Some Links==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-adyar.org/ Theosophical Society Adyar]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.theosofie.nl Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://naarden.theosofie.nl Afdeling Naarden van de Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.itcnaarden.org International Theosophical Centre, Naarden]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-efts.eu/ European Federation of the Theosophical Society]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://adyar-renovation.org/ Adyar Renovation Fund]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://international.theoservice.org/ Theosophical Order of Service]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1367</id>
		<title>Theosophical History (Diagrams)</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.ingmardeboer.nl/index.php?title=Theosophical_History_(Diagrams)&amp;diff=1367"/>
		<updated>2024-10-25T21:58:34Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Ingmardb: /* The Ninth Convention of the American Section of the Theosophical Society 1895 */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;==Modern Theosophical Movement: Simplified Diagram==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS_afsplitsingen_-_transp.png|500px|Modern Theosophical Movement, Simplified]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Modern Theosophical Movement Including Offshoots: A Tree Diagram (Non-Exhaustive) [[File:Dutch.gif]]==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
I often use this diagram when trying to illustrate the fertility of the theosophical movement since its beginnings in 1875. As far as I know it was designed by Ronald Engelse in the 80-ies of the 20th century. (Click the image to view original scale.)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:TS-stamboom_-_2.jpg|700px|Modern Theosophical Movement Including Offshoots]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Theosophical History: Overview of Branches of the Society==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
On the web site of the [https://blavatskyhouse.org/ Point Loma branch, Blavatskyhouse, The Hague], now abbreviated as TSPL, until recently we could find an alternative version of theosophical history, in particular in the yellow-coloured tree-diagram quoted below. The diagram shows the Theosophical Society Adyar &amp;quot;seceding&amp;quot; in 1895, and the Adyar branch is missing in the diagram. At this moment (2022) the Adyar branch is more than 10 times larger in members than the Point Loma branch, and like the Point Loma Branch, it has existed (and has flourished) since the foundation of the society in 1875.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Stamboom_768_1087_s_c1_c_c.gif|Alternative version of history]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
In a creative mood, I have made this adjusted version of the diagram, in green:&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:History_of_the_TS_Branches_-_1_-_smaller.jpg|Adjusted version]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Ninth Convention of the American Section of the Theosophical Society 1895==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In these proceedings we find how the American Section &amp;quot;seceded&amp;quot;, or became independent of the Theosophical Society on April 28, 1895. It was then named the &amp;quot;Theosophical Society in America&amp;quot;. In 1909 the United Lodges of Theosophists (ULT) was (were) formed by theosophists from both the TS and the TS in America. Later, more organisations were formed on the basis of the older Theosophical Society in America, among which there were the Point Loma branch (TSPL), and the Theosophical Society Pasadena. The Theosophical Society is now often called &amp;quot;Theosophical Society (Adyar)&amp;quot; to distinguish it from other branches.&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Media:Ninth_Convention_of_the_American_Section_1895_Report_-_Transcribed.pdf|The Ninth Convention of the American Section 1895, Proceedings: main passages extracted]] [[File:Pdf3.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Some Links==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-adyar.org/ Theosophical Society Adyar]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.theosofie.nl Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://naarden.theosofie.nl Afdeling Naarden van de Theosofische Vereniging in Nederland] [[File:Dutch.gif]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.itcnaarden.org International Theosophical Centre, Naarden]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.ts-efts.eu/ European Federation of the Theosophical Society]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://adyar-renovation.org/ Adyar Renovation Fund]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://international.theoservice.org/ Theosophical Order of Service]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Ingmardb</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>